In Doctor Faustus, power is a central theme that drives the protagonist's tragic downfall. Faustus, a scholar, becomes dissatisfied with the limits of traditional knowledge and seeks greater power through a pact with the devil. This quest for power leads to his ultimate destruction, as he abuses his newfound abilities for trivial pursuits rather than noble goals. The play explores the corrupting influence of power and the consequences of overreaching ambition.

Faustus's abuse of power begins with his decision to sell his soul to the devil in exchange for 24 years of service from the demon Mephistophilis. Despite his initial aspirations for greatness, Faustus uses his power for petty tricks and entertainment. He plays pranks on the Pope and conjures illusions for amusement, failing to achieve any meaningful accomplishments. This misuse of power highlights the futility of his ambitions and reflects his moral decline.

The influence of Mephistophilis on Faustus further illustrates the theme of power. Initially, Faustus feels superior, able to command a demon. However, as the play progresses, he becomes disillusioned and fearful. Mephistophilis entertains Faustus with illusions and tricks, ultimately leading him to terror and despair. Faustus's inability to repent and abandon his power results in his damnation, showing the destructive nature of his choices.

Faustus's pact with the devil is a key element of the play's exploration of power. Driven by pride and a desire for control, Faustus ignores warnings about the consequences of his actions. Despite opportunities to repent, he remains trapped by his delusions, unable to escape his fate. The promised power proves illusory, and Faustus's soul is ultimately lost, underscoring the moral lesson of the play.

The play's depiction of power also serves as a critique of the Catholic Church and societal authority. Faustus's tricks on the Pope and the portrayal of church figures as greedy and ambitious reflect Marlowe's critical view of religious power. This satire adds another layer to the theme, questioning the legitimacy and use of power in various forms.