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Farewell To Manzanar

by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston, James D. Houston

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Student Question

Why does Jeanne agree with her father's decision to not have her baptized?

Quick answer:

Jeanne agrees with her father's decision not to have her baptized because it allowed her to retain her Japanese identity amidst cultural pressures to assimilate into American society. During a time when Japanese immigrants were culturally "lost"—having left Japan and not fully accepted by America—baptism often symbolized abandoning Japanese heritage for American acceptance. By not being baptized, Jeanne preserved a connection to her cultural roots.

Expert Answers

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The original question had to be edited.  Jeanne believes that her father's decision not to have her baptized was correct because it enabled her to maintain some of her original identity.  At the time, cultural assimilation for Japanese living in America was essential.  The Japanese who lived in America were like Jeanne's father, people without a country.  They had turned their backs on Japan and America was unwilling to grant them citizenship. They were lost culturally.  The natural decision was to immerse themselves so much in American culture that they could assimilate their way into it.  Many of them were baptized in forgoing their Japanese cultural heritage in the hopes of embracing an American one.  

In not getting baptized, Jeanne would still remain some of her Japanese identity.  While she did show the gratitude openly to her father, the reality is that Jeanne does believe that her father was right not having her baptized because it enabled her to retain some of her original Japanese identity at a time when it was being shed and discarded all around her.

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