What are some literary devices used in Fahrenheit 451?

There are so many versions of the book that a page number won't be helpful, but I was able to find plenty within the first few pages of part two, so look there for these descriptions. Bradbury uses figurative language techniques all throughout his novel, and in part two, there are many examples. As he and Mildred sit and read books, he uses a simile and metaphor (both are when you compare two things; similes use "like" or "as", whereas metaphors don't) to describe the parlor:

"He started at the parlor that was dead and gray as the waters of an ocean that might teem with life if they switched on the electric sun."

Here he compares the t.v. screens to a dead ocean, and the power switch to an electric sun. Right after this, he uses another simile to describe the jet bombers going overhead. He states that they are "whistling like an immense, invisible fan, circling in emptiness." He compares them to a fan that is just churning up emptiness, a symbol for the emptiness of their society. Later, when Montag goes back to the station briefly, Beatty describes the pages of books burning with a simile and metaphor:

"like the petals of a flower...each becomes a black butterfly...swarms of black moths that had died in a single storm."

The pages of the book are describes as flowers, moths, and butterflies, all of them dying; this is a great way to describe how books-beautiful, delicate, and powerful things-are destroyed by fire and their society.

I'll stop there, since the format of the website allows for one question per day. I hope that helped for similes and metaphors. For examples of imagery, look for any instance where Bradbury uses the 5 senses to describe things (sight, scent, sound, taste, touch), and for personifcation, try to find a description where he gives inanimate objects human-like traits.

Well, the good news is there are plenty of examples in this novel. I will give you a few from Part 1 of the novel to start you off and then you can go back to the book and see if you can find some more - careful re-reading of this novel will help you find some more. You might just want to read Part 1 again and see the examples I have picked out in context and then carry on to find others.

With this brass nozzle in his fists, with this great python spitting its venomous keronsene upon the world...

This simile compares the hose to a great python, which is interesting as the hose is compared to a monster which is engaged in destruction. This simile therefore emphasises the horror of the burning that Montag is engaged in.

He strode in a swarm of fireflies.

This is another simile that compares the remnants of burnt books that are flying around to a swarm of fireflies, again linking the character of Montag with fire.

Her face, turned to him now, was fragile milk crystal with a soft and constant light in it.

This metaphor used to describe Guy's first impressions of Clarisse. What is interesting is the attractiveness of Clarisse compared to Guy's wife and also how vulnerable it makes Clarisse appear.

As for imagery, any scene that is trying to evoke the 5 senses (and there are lots of them) can be used as an example. Hope this helps and good luck in finding some more examples! This is great practice, so if you can read the text and pick out some literary terms by yourself you are doing really well.

What are some examples of puns in Fahrenheit 451?

A pun is a kind of play on words in which a word can have two different meanings. An example in Fahrenheit 451 is the following: "Later, going to sleep, he would feel the fiery smile still gripped by his face muscles, in the dark." The word "fiery" in this sentence is a pun, as "fiery" means both resembling fire and passionate. As Montag is burning books, he wears a smile that reflects the fire he is setting and a smile that shows his passion for burning books.

Interesting question! In the book Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury several literary devices are utilized including puns. Throughout the book, several puns are implemented to incite the readers’ deeper reflection.

Before providing examples of puns, it is important to understand what a pun is. A pun is a literary device utilized to illustrate how one word can represent two different meanings or how two words that sound very similar can represent two different meanings. This is usually done to create irony or humor.

Throughout the book, several different puns are implemented. For example, Montag is considered a “firefighter.” In today’s language, this word represents the idea of someone stopping a fire to prevent destruction and harm. However, in the book, the term represents someone who fights with fire to destroy books.  Subsequently, another pun is made by Granger’s grandfather. He states, “I hate a Roman named Status Quo.” Here, the Roman's name is also a word that means "the existing state of affairs." Thus, an unusual pun is created, which encourages the readers' minds to think about the concept more deeply.

Therefore, in the book, Bradbury utilizes puns to draw the readers' attention to important concepts. Although puns can be a bit tricky, these literary devices are often useful in creating irony or humor.

What are some examples of foreshadowing in Fahrenheit 451?

A good example of foreshadowing comes as Montag returns home to find his wife, Mildred, overdosed on sleeping pills. This is so far out of his perception of the world that he is shocked into immobility; he can't think of what has happened, why it has happened, or what to do. Then the jets pass overhead:

As he stood there the sky over the house screamed. There was a tremendous ripping sound... The jet-bombs going over, going over, going over, one two, one two, one two, six of them, nine of them, twelve of them, one and one and one and another and another and another...
(Bradbury, Fahrenheit 451, Google Books)

Throughout the book, Montag hears mentions of a possible war on the television and radio, but no one seems interested in talking about it or doing anything substantial to avert it. Sure enough, at the end of the book, jets from the opposing side of the war pass overhead and bomb the city into rubble; it has been clear from the beginning that a war was on the horizon, but the people in the city are so mentally drugged from years of meaningless television -- not to mention the government intentionally keeping them ignorant -- that they have no interest in changing their own lives. The war is the ultimate repudiation of the censored, controlled culture; Montag even imagines Mildred in her last moments, trying to connect with the images on a television screen, without the capabilities to see or even understand larger issues.

What are the allusions in Fahrenheit 451, their sources, and why did the author use them?

Fahrenheit 451 contains several Biblical allusions.

One is in "The Sieve and the Sand" when Faber reads from the book of Job.  This book of the Old Testament is the story of Job - who is the victim of a dispute between God and Satan, to see if this human, when put through as much difficulty as Satan can manage - will remain faithful to God.  Faber encourages Montag to continue doing what he thinks is right, despite the difficulty.  In the end, Job does remain faithful - and is greatly rewarded as a result.  The unspoken connection here is that Faber believes Montag will feel rewarded in the end.

Another Biblical allusion, also involving Faber (also in "The Sieve and the Sand") is when Faber describes himself as fire and Montag as water.  This is a direct reference to Jesus' first miracle - turning water into wine at the wedding at Cana.  This allusion draws a parallel between the transformation of the water into wine - which established Jesus' ministry - to Montag's desire for a similar transformation.  He has felt purposeless and stagnant his entire life, and hopes his revolutionary idea will pull him out of that purposelessness, and also do something great for humanity.

The other huge Biblical allusion is the reference to the book of Ecclesiastes (the passage Montag is attempting to memorize).  If you've ever read Ecclesiastes, you'll know that a key passage is the "everything is meaningless" and "To everything there is a season," lines.  No doubt Bradbury chose this book on purpose - as it seems to be a great definition of the two conflicts Montag is most experiencing throughout the novel.  First, the "meaninglessness" of his life and second, the desire to change things because the time seems right.

What are some examples of satire in Fahrenheit 451?

A good example of satire in the book occurs when Clarisse is discussing her views on the future society and how it is different from what she might prefer. Some of the things considered normal in the book are current-day norms taken to the extreme, such as interstate highways. When the book was written, these highways were still new; the idea of high-speeds was considered dangerous. In the future, the cards drive over one hundred miles per hour, and since human life is considered expendable, there seem to be no consequences for traffic accidents.

"Or go out in the cars and race on the streets, trying to see how close you can get to lamp- posts, playing 'chicken...' Six of my friends have been shot in the last year alone. Ten of them died in car wrecks."
(Bradbury, Fahrenheit 451, Google Books)

This satirizes both the tendency for people to desire more speed in getting to their destinations, and what Bradbury saw as the slow movement towards devaluing of human life. Nobody thinks anything strange of children killed in road accidents; it is not even prosecuted or criminalized, but simply an aftereffect of the efficient, high-speed cars. With this concept, the modern push to increase highway speeds seems less reasonable and more contemptuous of human life.

How does Bradbury build suspense in Fahrenheit 451?

One way Bradbury builds suspense is by mentioning the ventilator grille repeatedly.  He says Montag thought about it and what lay hidden behind it without telling us what that hidden something is.  He says that Montag looked at the grille.  By mentioning something seemingly insignificant - the grille - in such a way, the readers knows this grille, or what lay hidden behind it, will take on importance at some point in the story.  That's suspense because we don't know what is hidden there and when we do realize it's books, we don't know how important that revelation will be.  Also, Bradbury mentions the Mechanical Hound in much the same way.  We get a malevolent description of it and then ominous sounding statements about it and about something outside Montag's front door making a "scratching" sound.  More mystery to the reader which builds suspense.  The constant and increasing in frequency mention of the war planes and of war news also builds suspense in the story for the reader.  The reader might dismiss the war planes flying overhead or the news on the radio at first, but the increase in frequency of mention in the story makes the reader aware that this, like the grille, will be important and that war is imminent.

What are examples of literary devices in pages 113–136 of Fahrenheit 451?

Ray Bradbury's literary techniques describe what Montag is feeling, seeing, hearing, and doing.

Bradbury’s frequent use of simile, metaphor, and hyperbole brings to life Montag’s feelings. For instance, as he torches his house, Montag feels “great islands of perspiration drenching his armpits.” Indeed, such a great fire will cause extreme sweating, but comparing it to islands is an example of exaggeration to emphasize the excess heat. After the mechanical dog injects him with the needle, Montag’s leg feels “like a chunk of burnt pine log he was carrying along as a penance for some obscure sin.” Bradbury’s simile illustrates Montag’s lack of feeling in his leg; it is a dead weight that he must drag along as a burden which slows him down.

Later, the narrator describes the pains in Montag’s leg as “spikes,” “darning needles,” and “ordinary safety pins.” These metaphors indicate the level of pain he feels: at first, he is in extreme pain, then it gradually subsides in stages. Ultimately, Montag only feels “like someone [is] blowing a spray of scalding water on that leg.” As he attempts to run, Montag feels a “shotgun blast” in his leg; this description is both a metaphor and hyperbole designed to underscore the intensity of Montag’s pain. Each time his foot hits the ground, it brings on a fresh stab of pain, yet he must work through that pain to escape.

Bradbury uses imagery, personification, and onomatopoeia to describe what Montag is seeing and hearing. For example, the fire is described in great detail so that the reader experiences it along with the character:

The house fell down in red coals and black ash. It bedded itself down in sleepy pin-gray cinders and a smoke plume blew over it, rising and waving.

Bradbury personifies the flames, which knowingly consume the house and then brag about the action by waving in the sky. Meanwhile, the house is personified as giving in, going to sleep, as it is taken over by the flames. Bradbury creates a clear image of a structure crumbling in on itself in a ball of fire, smoke, and ash. What Montag hears is also clearly represented with onomatopoeia. For instance, the narrator describes the beetle’s “roaring” and “whining,” as well as the “whirring, clicking, [and] humming” of the Mechanical Hound. These sound devices compel the reader to experience the dread and fear that Montag experiences, as the sounds indicate the enemy’s approach.

Flashback and repetition bring the reader inside Montag’s thoughts. For instance, Montag thinks back to Beatty’s words as he struggles to process his action of killing Beatty in self-defense: “You always said, don’t face a problem, burn it.” Montag attempts to make sense of his action, but even though he feels he had no other choice, he is still horrified by the act of taking a life. Bradbury indicates Montag’s horror with repetition, which mirrors the scattered thought process of a person who has just committed a horrific act. Montag thinks,

You’re a fool, a damn fool, an awful fool, an idiot, an awful idiot, a damn idiot, and a fool, a damn fool.

His mind is spinning, and he struggles to process while knowing he must find a way to escape to save himself. Later, Montag also runs through past events in his life as he tries to make sense of the mess that his life has become.

How does Fahrenheit 451 use satire?

Satire uses humor, exaggeration, and irony to make fun of people's weaknesses and vices. It is often used to comment on or critique social ills in the hopes they can be remedied.

In this novel, written in 1953, Bradbury focuses on social problems of the 1950s and exaggerates them in an imagined future world. He critiques the increasing reliance on technology, especially television. He exaggerates the conformity and anti-intellectualism of the period (the McCarthy era). He envisions a society in which not only the people prefer watching television to reading, but also the government actually bans and burns books.

Bradbury's is a dark satire that makes readers uncomfortable rather than getting them laughing. The novel opens with Montag delighting in book burning and finding Mildred has attempted suicide. This is a bleak society that Bradbury warns could be our own.

Bradbury satirizes various aspects of American society throughout the novel Fahrenheit 451. Bradbury satirizes America's fascination with the entertainment industry by portraying Mildred's passion for her parlour wall televisions. Mildred continually watches her parlour wall interactive television shows and argues with her husband about getting a fourth wall installed. Bradbury also satirizes the desensitized nature of Americans by portraying the citizens' affinity for violence and brutality in Montag's dystopian society. Bradbury depicts how teenagers purposely hit pedestrians with their cars and are only interested in violent games. Bradbury also satirizes America's consumer culture and lack of emphasis on education and literature. Faber explains to Montag how corporations exploit religious holidays to increase profits and illustrates how the majority of citizens disregard literature and intellectual pursuits. Bradbury also satirizes politics during the conversation between Mildred and her friends when mention that they will vote for the most attractive candidate. In the same scene, Bradbury also satirizes America's affinity for war and the desensitized atmosphere surrounding violent, disturbing topics.

Fahrenheit 451 is a satirical look at a society where books have become illegal because they make people uncomfortable. The government, having become a bloated bureaucracy without care for human life, knows that it can control its citizens through television and meaningless entertainment, and so it encourages the use of enormous television screens that show nothing but random images and shouting, emotional people, without actual stories or scripts. It avoids discussion of issues in favor of catchphrases that people will repeat without thinking. Chief Beatty explains:

"Give the people contests they win by remembering the words to more  popular songs or the names of state capitals or how much corn Iowa grew last year. Cram them full of non-combustible data, chock them so damned full of 'facts' they feel stuffed, but absolutely 'brilliant' with information. Then they'll feel they're thinking, they'll get a sense of motion without moving."
(Bradbury, Fahrenheit 451, Google Books)

This satirizes the rise of commercial television in the 1950s, when Bradbury wrote the book. He used his knowledge of human nature combined with the booming ad industry to create a world in which people don't think about anything except what they see on TV. In fact, this sort of mentality became almost commonplace later in history, and for a time there were cases of "television addiction," which have now been replaced by Internet addiction. The bottom line is that the novel satirizes the rise of entertainment without content, and the creation of an isolationist society -- not from other societies, but from its own members.

What are some examples of satire in Fahrenheit 451?

It is important to note that Bradbury wrote this novel in the late 1940s and published it in 1950. World War II occurred from 1939 to 1945. Censorship was a huge factor in the Nazi program. Hitler's regime operated by spreading propaganda and censoring anything that threatened the Nazi ideology. This included burning books and indoctrinating children at a young age (radicalizing). Likewise, Stalin's program in the Soviet Union utilized propaganda to garner or demand public support for the government's brand of communism.

Bradbury was certainly aware of this kind of tyranny. In the wake of World War II, the United States government began their own brand of censorship. It was a program that accused United States citizens of having communist sympathies. This era in our history is known as McCarthyism, so named for Joseph McCarthy, a US senator who was one of the main players in the campaign to rid America of all things communist. This process singled out citizens and led to the blacklisting of many writers, actors, and filmmakers. McCarthy was also involved in a committee that banned certain books in the overseas library program, and some of these libraries actually burned the forbidden books.

This kind of censorship in post-World War II America was eerily similar to that used by the Nazis and the Soviet Union. In Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury satirizes this rampant censorship, and this is the central theme in the novel: free speech and thought vs. censorship. In the book, Beatty's argument is that ignorance is bliss. The less people know, the happier they will be. With fewer ideas and perspectives to consider, everyone begins to think the same way, and this leads to peace. This is what Bradbury is satirizing: the notion that ignorance is bliss and that tyranny is justified by this widespread program of cultural mind control. The parlour walls play a role in this widespread pacification by keeping everyone preoccupied with their "screens." In hindsight, this seems particularly prescient.

Satire uses exaggeration, ridicule, and humor to point out social or political problems. It often uses irony, which typically says the opposite of what is meant.

In Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury uses satire to critique a post-World War II American society that he believed had become dumbed down and cut off from community and nature by an obsessive reliance on technology. In the novel, books are banned and mindless television watching exalted.

Bradbury satirizes this culture by having Clarisse and her family considered odd and deviant for taking walks outdoors to experience nature and for preferring conversation at night to watching a view screen.

There is broadly comic satire in Montag's ignorance of history. When Clarisse asks him if it is true that firemen once put out fires instead of starting them to burn books, he denies this.

There is dark satire in Mildred's addiction to television watching, which cuts her off from a meaningful relationship with her husband and alienates her from herself to the point that she attempts suicide. The "friends" she makes in television characters satirize American's growing reliance on television shows in the 1950s.

Throughout the novel Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury satirizes society by exaggerating, ridiculing, and criticizing various aspects of American culture. Bradbury satirizes society's fascination with entertainment through Mildred's obsession with her 'parlor walls.' At the beginning of the novel, she argues with Montag about buying a fourth 'parlor wall.' She says,

If we had a fourth wall, why it'd be just like this room wasn't ours at all, but all kinds of exotic people's rooms. We could do without a few things (Bradbury 18).

Bradbury also satirizes America's education system and society's infatuation with sports. When Clarisse discusses a typical day at school with Montag, she describes it as

An hour of TV class, an hour of basketball or baseball or running, another hour of transcription history or painting pictures, and more sports, but do you know, we never ask questions, or at least most don't; they just run the answers at you, bing, bing, bing, and us sitting there for four more hours of film-teacher (Bradbury 27).

When Montag seeks Faber's advice about how to understand the texts he has been reading, Faber notices Montag has brought a Bible with him. Faber takes the Bible and begins to flip through its pages. He says,

It's as good as I remember. Lord, how they've changed it in our 'parlors' these days. Christ is one of the 'family' now. I often wonder if God recognizes His own son the way we've dressed him up, or is it dressed him down? He's a regular peppermint stick now, all sugar-crystal and saccharine when he isn't making veiled references to certain commercial products that every worshiper absolutely needs (Bradbury 78).

In this conversation between Faber and Montag, Bradbury satirizes the commercialization of religion. He satirizes how American society has used sacred religious figures to market products by appealing to consumers' emotions.

What is an example of social commentary in Fahrenheit 451?

Having written Fahrenheit 451 during the early days of television, Ray Bradbury shared some of his attitudes about this new medium with a contemporary CBS newscaster, Edward R. Murrow. One comment that Murrow made as he became concerned with the influence of some television programs echoes Bradbury's anxiety about this new medium:

During the daily peak viewing periods, television in the main insulates us from the realities of the world in which we live.

This desensitizing of people's thoughts and feelings brought about by their increasing attentiveness to technology is of great concern to Bradbury in the narrative of his novel. In the first part of Fahrenheit 451, Mildred's friends speak of their husbands with less affection than they do of their imaginary families on the wall screens. Also, many women feel, as Mrs. Phelps does, that "children are ruinous." Another of Mildred's friends, Mrs. Bowles solves "the problem" of her children:

"I plunk the children in school nine days out of ten. I put up with them when they come home three days a month; it's not bad at all. You heave them into the 'parlor' and turn the switch. It's like washing clothes; stuff laundry in and slam the lid" (pp. 92–93).

With war as a constant in the society of the novel, the women become unconcerned about their husbands. Mrs. Phelps says that she is on her third husband, and they are both "independent." For instance, her husband Pete tells her if he is killed in wartime, she should just remarry: "Just go right ahead and don't cry, but get married again, and don't think of me" (p. 91).

Bradbury therefore offers social commentary on an oppressive society that is technologically driven. Furthermore, it is a society that causes people to become desensitized. The citizens of Bradbury's world also exhibit a reluctance to question the status quo.

Which literary element or device shapes the theme of Fahrenheit 451?

Though many literary elements and devices are used throughout Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451, two are most prevalent. Irony is used in the sense that the protagonist, Montag, is a fireman. One would normally expect that to mean his job is to put out fires; instead, he is tasked with starting them. In a sense, Bildungsroman (coming-of-age) is also employed throughout the story, though not in the traditional sense.

Before we get into the story, let us look at the definitions of the two literary devices listed above (provided here by the Ohio Department of Education and UC Berkeley):

Irony: "An irony of situation is when an event occurs that directly contradicts expectations."

Bildungsroman: "[T]racing the spiritual, moral, psychological, or social development and growth of the main character usually from childhood to maturity."

Very early in the story, Montag talks with a neighbor about his profession. This conversation gives a backstory for Montag, describing his role as a fireman and where he is currently at in his life. His neighbor, Clarisse McClellan, mirrors the reader in that she is ignorant as to what a fireman does (within the context of this story):

...then Clarisse McClellan said:
"Do you mind if I ask? How long've you worked at being a fireman?"
"Since I was twenty, ten years ago."
"Do you ever read any of the books you burn?"
He laughed. "That's against the law!"
"Oh. Of course."
"It's fine work. Monday burn Millay, Wednesday Whitman, Friday Faulkner, burn 'em to ashes, then burn the ashes. That's our official slogan."

These few lines act as a form of exposition, telling the reader a great deal about Montag's life in a relatively short amount of time. He is thirty years old and has worked as a fireman for the past ten years. This requires him to burn books, which are outlawed. Bradbury's use of alliteration in the last part of the quote helps showcase the monotonous routine of his work: Monday, he burns books; Wednesday, he burns books; Friday, he again burns books. The reader is also shown that Montag is at least aware of those three authors's names, though it is implied that he has not read any of them. This passage showcases the first use of irony in the story. In real life, firemen are tasked with putting out fires and saving people. Firemen in Fahrenheit 451, however, have the opposite job of starting fires, burning books, then "burn[ing] the ashes." This contradicts the reader's expectations of what constitutes a fireman.

In addition to irony, Bildungsroman is also used throughout the story—though admittedly, not in the traditional sense (i.e., "from childhood to maturity"). The previous passage clearly shows Montag is not a child. However, his discussion with Clarisse suggests that he missed out on the early inquisitive years that make up one's adolescence and help to form individuality. After meeting this new neighbor, Montag's mind awakens, and he begins his journey toward moral and psychological growth; he begins to read and collect books, questions the practice of burning books, and faces the figurative 'firing squad' for his newfound beliefs. He goes from ignorantly burning books because he is told to do so (much like a child told to clean his room, eat his vegetables, etc.), to forming his own beliefs about the importance of books and knowledge.

For further study on how Bildungsroman is shown throughout the story, you might investigate the specific ways in which Montag's lack of world/general knowledge early in the story mirrors that of a child. Then, you might compare that with his transformation later in the story to showcase his development and growth as a character.

The phoenix is a literary device that Bradbury uses to shape his theme of rebirth and renewal. It is one of the symbols of the firefighters because it represents rising up again from a fire. Montag, like the other firefighters, wears the "phoenix disc" on his chest to show he is impervious to the fires he helps to set. He was once proud of this symbol, just as he was once proud of his job.

But the phoenix has a wider meaning as a general symbol of renewal, change, and rebirth. The bird that can be reborn from the flames ironically changes for Montag from a symbol of book-burning to a symbol of his transformation into a person who wants to preserve books and the knowledge they contain.

At the end of the novel, Montag has joined an underground group living on the edges of society and working to save what he, as a firefighter, once sought to destroy. As Montag joins this renegade group, the phoenix comes to represent the message he is working to spread. As Granger says,

"There was a silly damn bird called a Phoenix back before Christ: every few hundred years he built a pyre and burned himself up. He must have been first cousin to Man. But every time he burnt himself up he sprang out of the ashes, he got himself born all over again. And it looks like we're doing the same thing, over and over, but we've got one damn thing the Phoenix never had. We know the damn silly thing we just did. We know all the damn silly things we've done for a thousand years, and as long as we know that and always have it around where we can see it, some day we'll stop making the goddam funeral pyres and jumping into the middle of them. We pick up a few more people that remember, every generation."

What are some examples of allusions and authors in Fahrenheit 451?

In Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury makes reference to a lot of other books and authors. Here are a few examples:

• There is a reference to the Oxford Martyrs, Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley, who were burned for heresy in 1555. In fact, Latimer's words are quoted by the woman who is burned in Part One.
• In Beatty's speech to Montag, in which he explains and justifies the fireman system, Bradbury refers to two other important works: Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe and Little Black Sambo by Helen Bannerman.
• Just before Montag kills Beatty, there is a reference to Shakespeare, specifically to his Julius Caesar:

"There is no terror, Cassius, in your threats, for I am arm'd so strong in honesty that they pass by me as an idle wind, which I respect not!"

• Shakespeare himself is mentioned by Montag when he calls Faber for the first time. Montag also mentions Plato, the philosopher, in this call.
• Matthew Arnold's poem, "Dover Beach," also features in the book. It is read out by Montag and makes one of Mildred's friends cry.

What structural and literary devices are in pages 71-101 of Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451?

Please note: The page numbers provided refer to the 1996 Del Rey/Ballantine edition, in which part 2 begins on page 71.

Ray Bradbury uses flashback for Montag’s memory of first meeting Professor Faber (p. 74). “[H]e found himself thinking of the green park a year ago….” Another instance is Montag’s memory of a visit to a church, where the images of saints were displayed (p. 95).

The author frequently uses metaphors. Montag tells Millie about the hospital breathing apparatus that restored her after her overdose, calling it a “snake” (p. 73). Referring to his difficulty in understanding the books’ meaning, he calls the content “mud” (p. 74).

Simile is also employed. One simile appears on page 73: “the parlor… was as dead and gray as the waters of an ocean….” While playing cards with Captain Beatty, Montag thinks of his fingers as animals (p. 105): “His fingers were like ferrets that had done some evil and now never rested, always stirred and picked and hid in pockets….”

Imagery is used consistently throughout this part of the novel. One especially vivid passage occupies most of page 95, in Montag’s flashback about the church visit. He recalls the visual qualities of the saints depicted there, including their “blood-ruby lips,” as well as the smells of incense and dust.

The meaning of the section’s title is provided through symbolism as well as flashback and imagery. Montag recalls a childhood experience at the beach (p. 78). The futility of constant striving to no avail symbolizes his frustrated desire to learn by reading, a frustration he hopes to overcome.

Once as a child he had sat upon a yellow dune by the sea in the middle of the blue and hot summer day, trying to fill a sieve with sand…. And the faster he poured, the faster it sifted through with a hot whispering. His hands were tired, the sand was boiling, the sieve was empty….

[T]he silly thought came to him, if you read fast and read all, maybe some of the sand will stay in the sieve.

Allusion is frequently featured. For example, Montag reads from Matthew Arnold’s poem "Dover Beach" (pp. 99–100). In several pages of dialogue during their card game, Captain Beatty alludes to numerous authors and their texts, sometimes quoting or paraphrasing a line from a play by William Shakespeare, whom he calls “Willie” while quoting from The Tempest: “A kind of excellent dumb discourse, Willie!” (p. 107).

Hyperbole is featured on page 73. Referring to the planes he hears flying overhead, Montag exclaims, “‘How in hell did those bombers get up there every single second of our lives!’”

When is foreshadowing used in Fahrenheit 451?

One of the examples of foreshadowing is the mention of the heating vent at Montag's house.  It is mentioned a few times early in the first segment, "The Hearth and the Salamander", and by the end of that segment, the reader finds out that Montag had books hidden there.  The war planes flying overhead and the mention of war on the radio and among people is another example of foreshadowing.  The war starts and ends by the final pages of the book but its increasingly frequent mention lets the reader know before getting to the end of the book that war will break out.  The Mechanical Hound that is first mentioned barely two dozen pages into the story and is mentioned again in a suggestion that it is outside Montag's home lets the reader guess that this Hound will play an important role in trying to capture Montag.  Bradbury uses foreshadowing often to give the reader hints about what is going to happen.