Eugenio Montale

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  • Almansi, Guido, and Merry, Bruce. Eugenio Montale: The Private Language of Poetry. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1977, 167 p. (Study divided into sections focusing on each of Montale's five major verse collections. According to the authors, "More than any other poet in the twentieth century, … Montale has become the messenger of our existential and sentimental uncertainty. Here we recognized a voice which spoke our own moral cowardice, our own aesthetic perplexity.")
  • Almansi, Guido. "Earth and Water in Montale's Poetry." Forum for Modern Language Studies 2, No. 4 (October 1966): 377-85. (Discusses the interrelation of water and earth symbolism in Montale's verse.)
  • Baranski, Zygmunt. "Dante and Montale: The Threads of Influence." In Dante Comparisons: Comparative Studies of Dante and: Montale, Foscolo, Tasso, Chaucer, Petrarch, Propertius and Catullus, edited by Eric Haywood and Barry Jones, pp. 11-48. Dublin: Irish Academic Press, 1985. (Examines the impact of Dante's verse on the work of Montale.)
  • Becker, Jared M. "Decadence Defended: Montale's 'Botta e risposta I'." Italian Quarterly 27, No. 106 (Fall 1986): 25-32. (Interprets the first poem in Montale's "Thrust and Parry" series as a defense against Benedetto Croce's post-war attacks on writers deemed "decadent," a term used to describe "one who absents himself from the real and present world.")
  • Becker, Jared M. "What We Are Not: Montale's Anti-Fascism Revisited." Italica 60, No. 4 (Winter 1983): 331-39. (Contends that Montale was not a political poet, despite his anti-Fascist sympathies.)
  • Becker, Jared M. Eugenio Montale. Twayne's World Authors Series: Italian Literature, edited by Anthony Oldcorn. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1986, 154 p. (Biographical and critical study of Montale's career.)
  • Brose, Margaret. "The Spirit of the Sign: Oppositional Structures in Montale's Ossi di Seppia." Stanford Italian Review 4, No. 2 (Fall 1984): 147-75. (Studies Cuttlefish Bones in order to highlight traits common to Montale's poetry from the beginning of his career through The Storm, and Other Poems in 1956.)
  • Burnshaw, Stanley, and others, eds. "Eugenio Montale." In The Poem Itself, pp. 316-325. Reprint. New York: Schocken Books, 1967. (Poem-by-poem explication of "Meriggiare pallido e assorto," "Arsenio," "La casa dei doganieri," and "L'anguilla.")
  • Cambon, Glauco. Eugenio Montale's Poetry: A Dream in Reason's Presence. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1982, 274 p. (Comprehensive analysis of Montale's verse. A friend of Cambon, Montale reviewed the manuscript of this study prior to publication.)
  • Caprioglio, Giuliana. "Intellectual and Sentimental Modes of Rapport with Reality in Montale's Ossi and Occasioni." Italian Quarterly 13, No. 50 (Fall 1969): 51-66. (Maintains that Cuttlefish Bones and The Occasions are contrasting statements arising from Montale's "meditation on the life of man, on the precariousness of the peace which is allowed him, on his fate of death, on the discordance between an active and contemplative life.")
  • Craft, Wallace. "Eugenio Montale in Books Abroad (1947-1975)." Books Abroad 50, No. 1 (Winter 1976): 15. (Lists articles and reviews on Montale that have appeared in the periodical.)
  • Feld, Ross. "Montale." Parnassus 11, No. 1 (Spring-Summer 1983): 33-57. (Traces the evolution of Montale's poetry.)
  • Flint, R. W. "Montale's New Poems and Pequod." The American Poetry Review 7, No. 6 (November-December 1978): 20-2. (Presents an overview of Montale's poetry.)
  • Fraser, Russell. "Montale's Night Music." The Southern Review 14, No. 3 (Summer 1978): 449-59. (Endeavors to demonstrate that Montale is a very hard poet to define because he is, according to Fraser, paradoxically "anti-romantic" and "the legatee and perpetuator of the romantic tradition.")
  • Huffman, Claire de C. L. "Montale for the English-Speaking: The Case of 'In Limine'." Forum Italicum 23, Nos. 1-2 (Spring-Fall 1989): 121-46. (Illustrates the difficulties of translating Montale's poetry through the example of "In Limine.")
  • Huffman, Claire de C. L. "Structuralist Criticism and the Interpretation of Eugenio Montale." The Modern Language Review 72, No. 2 (April 1977): 322-334. (Presents structuralism as a preferred framework for analyzing the stylistic aspects of Montale's verse but also acknowledges weaknesses in this critical approach.)
  • Huffman, Claire de C. L. "The Poetic Language of Eugenio Montale." Italian Quarterly, Nos. 47-8 (Winter-Spring 1969): 105-28. (Asserts that Montale "seeks to reject language which is weighed down by cultural incrustations." Huffman explains that he avoids rhetoric and ornamentation while conveying the universal significance of his subjects.)
  • Huffman, Claire de C. L. Montale and the Occasions of Poetry. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1983, 293 p. (Though a broad study of Montale's poetry, this study employs The Occasions as "a lens through which to discern the undoubted distinction of individual poems and the larger poetic tendencies as they have manifested themselves over the years.")
  • McCormick, C. A. "Sound and Silence in Montale's Ossi di seppia." The Modern Language Review 62, No. 4 (October 1967): 633-41. (Examines the interplay between silence and sound in Montale's first verse collection as it is expressed in imagery and diction.)
  • Pacifici, Sergio. "Poetry: Eugenio Montale, The Quest for Meaning." In his A Guide to Contemporary Italian Literature: From Futurism to Neorealism, pp. 177-87. Cleveland: Meridian Books, 1963. (Introduction to Montale in which Pacifici states: "Man, for the poet, is a being aspiring naturally to a condition of unachievable harmony within and without. He longs to 'know,' yet he is fully aware that the reasons of existence will always escape him.")
  • Perella, Nicolas J. "Eugenio Montale." In his Midday in Italian Literature: Variations on an Archetypal Theme, pp. 240-328. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1979. (Explores the philosophical and religious implications of the theme of noontime in Cuttlefish Bones, finding that it connotes ambivalence about existence.)
  • Pipa, Arshi. "Memory and Fidelity in Montale." Italian Quarterly 10, Nos. 39-40 (Winter-Spring 1967): 62-79. (Acknowledging the disparate critical perceptions of the role of memory in Montale's verse, Pipa attempts "to explore and map out the domain of memory in the work of Montale, in the hope of arriving at a conclusion that brings together and explains these and other conceptions of the Montalean memory.")
  • Pipa, Arshi. "The Message of Montale." Italica 34, No. 1 (March 1962): 239-55. (Noting Montale was a poet preoccupied with the metaphysical dimension of life, Pipa suggests that Cuttlefish Bones, The Occasions, and The Storm, and Other Poems record an ongoing quest for spiritual fulfilment.)
  • Ricciardelli, Michael. "Montale in the U.S.A. (1936-1971)." Books Abroad 45, No. 4, Autumn 1971, pp. 645-48. (Index of criticism by American commentators.)
  • Singh, G. "Eugenio Montale." Italian Studies 28 (1963): 101—37. (Attempts to define Montale's poetics and philosophy as expressed through his verse.)
  • Singh, G. Eugenio Mentale: A Critical Study of His Poetry, Prose, and Criticism. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1973, 297 p. (Commenting on the intent of his study of Montale's work, Singh states: "It doesn't purport to offer any specialized thesis or exegesis concerning any one particular aspect. Its aim is to provide a general critical account of Montale's oeuvre in its totality.")
  • Solmi, Sergio. "The Poetry of Montale." Quarterly Review of Literature XI, No. 4 (1962): 221-38. (Claiming that Montale best expressed the spiritual condition of his generation, Solmi traces the poet's accomplishment through the collections Cuttlefish Bones, The Occasions, and The Storm, and Other Poems.)
  • West, Rebecca. "Montale's 'Care Ombre': Identity and Its Dissolution." Forum Italicum 23, Nos. 1-2 (Spring-Fall 1989): 212-28. (Contends that Montale's poetry addressed to deceased loved ones "recognizes the inevitable dissolution of 'mortalia' ['mortality'] and embodies, in its abiding beauty, a form of continuing life that prolongs 'beyond the threshold of death' conversation, communion, and love.")
  • West, Rebecca. "On Montale." Chicago Review 27, No. 3 (Winter 1975-76): 14-24. (An introduction to Montale's poetry. According to West, "Montale has been a powerful catalyst in the process of revivification of the Italian idiom as an instrument of significant literary production.")
  • Williamson, Alan. "Montale and the Screen of Images." Parnassus 13, No. 2 (Spring-Summer 1986): 179-92. (Assesses the significance that images hold for Montale. According to Williamson, Montale "shows that even a poem as small as the Sixth Motet can give an account—however compressed—of the ontological status it assigns to images in general, as well as of the emotional complex that makes a particular image inevitable.")

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Montale, Eugenio
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