Essays of E. B. White

by E. B. White

Start Free Trial

Editor's Choice

In "Once More to the Lake", what imagery does White use to enliven his abstract ideas?

Quick answer:

White uses fresh and vivid physical descriptions of the cold of the lake water and emotional ruminations on the passage of time and generations. He uses the imagery in the last line to connect physical and emotional discomfort with change. His son experiences the shock of putting on cold clothes, and White seems to realize that he is now the father. He will not be present when his son brings his own son to the lake.

Expert Answers

An illustration of the letter 'A' in a speech bubbles

Many students of writing have stated that "Once More to the Lake," particularly the very last sentence, changed the way that they thought about essay writing:

I watched him, his hard little body, skinny and bare, saw him wince slightly as he pulled up around his vitals the small, soggy, icy garment. As he buckled the swollen belt suddenly my groin felt the chill of death.

This complete blast of fresh, visceral, and contrasting imagery brings to life an idea that is so abstract that it is hard to elaborate on in any other way than by using the quote itself.

The essay concerns White bringing his son to a lakeside camp to which his father had brought him when he was roughly the same age. Throughout the essay, White describes a "dual existence" wherein words he says or actions he carries out seem to not be his own but...

Unlock
This Answer Now

Start your 48-hour free trial and get ahead in class. Boost your grades with access to expert answers and top-tier study guides. Thousands of students are already mastering their assignments—don't miss out. Cancel anytime.

Get 48 Hours Free Access

his father's. In certain moments, he is not only himself, but also his father. At certain points, such as the passage described, he also seems to be his son.

This cyclical nature is the core commentary of the essay. Just as White is currently bringing his son to this place that is relatively resistant to the ravages of time, so will his son bring his offspring, and that son his own sons. When White watches his son put on the soaked and cold pants, he so vividly remembers the sensation that he can feel it.

To him, however, the freezing cloth is not just the sensation of cold, it is also one of death. In this two-part ritual of experiencing the lake and then passing it on, he is partaking in his final act. The next metaphorical "trip to the lake" will not require him. This icy sting in a part of the body that is considered to be so mortal, vulnerable, and visceral reduces White's omniscient voice to something incredibly human.

Approved by eNotes Editorial
An illustration of the letter 'A' in a speech bubbles

While E. B. White is recognized for his accomplished prose and his expert advice in The Elements of Style, the writer has tried his hand long enough with poetry that the musicality and even the rhythm of poetry still echo in words, phrases, and sentences of his essays such as "Once More to the Lake." Certainly, his is a poetic--if not existential--thought as White writes of his return to the lake of his halcyon boyhood where he fished and camped with his father, but now brings his own son:

I began to sustain the illusion that he was I, and therefore, by simple transposition, that I was my father....I seemed to be living a dual existence.

During this dual experience of memory and present, White takes his boy out on the lake in a boat to fish. The interior of the "same green boat" has the same dried moss dragged in on the line, the same blood smears from the barbed hooks, the same dead helgramite, the same rusty, bent fish hook. And, when a dragon fly alights upon the tip of the fishing rod, While observes,

It was the arrival of this fly that convinced me beyond any doubt that everything was as it always had been, that the years were a mirage and there had been no years.

Thus, with the details of the old-fashioned green boat and its contents, White utilizes images that bring to life the abstract vision of a father and son together on a lake re-enacting a tradition. In addition, the imagery conjures a nostalgic old photo, or a yellowed postcard that has written on its back, "Having a great time!" Further, the timelessness of their experience is underpinned by his observation,

When we got back for a swim before lunch, the lake was exactly where we had left it, the same number of inches from the dock, and there was only the merest suggestion of a breeze.

More vivid imagery, visual, tactile, and auditory, immerses the reader into the scene White describes,

In the shallows, the dark,water-soaked sticks and twigs, smooth and old, were undulating in clusters on the bottom against the clean ribbed sand, and the track of the mussel was plain. A school of minnows swam by, each minnow with its small, individual shadow, doubling the attendance, so clear and sharp in the sunlight.

Then, White writes of the dusty road with two paths, his nostalgia for the third path in which horses trekked as they pulled wagons, leaving dried, flaky manure as evidence of their passing. After this image, the intrusion of the contemporary world and its outboard motors that charge viciously across the water as opposed to the purring of the one or two-cylinder motors of old invades the morning lake, disturbing the peace--"the only thing that was wrong"--invades the halcyon vacation. It is not the recurrence of a memory, after all; he has but been allowed to return to the lake for the creation of a new memory for his son. As White watches his son don his swimsuit to play in the rain, he has sadly been reminded of his temporality by those intruding sounds and images of a newer world, and he suddenly feels "the chill of death."

Surely, the reader can hear, see, and feel the scenes described; and, with such abundant imagery, White ignites in the minds of readers those memories of vacation lakes, fishing trips, rainy swims in the heat, storms, cooling summer breezes by which they once drifted into sleep. Imagery in E. B. White's "Once More to the Lake" embellishes descriptions, ignites memories in readers, expands ideas into a certain timelessness and nostalgia.

Approved by eNotes Editorial