Discussion Topic
Writing an effective conclusion for a project or essay on transportation in India
Summary:
To write an effective conclusion for a project or essay on transportation in India, briefly restate your thesis and summarize how each of your points supports it. Ensure the reader knows they've reached the end without using phrases like "in conclusion." Reiterate the main arguments and provide a final thought or "clincher" that ties back to your introduction and offers a broader vision or implication.
How can I write a good conclusion for my project on transportation in India?
According to Edward P. Bailey and Philip A. Powell's The Practical Writer, the conclusion should do two things:
- It reminds the reader of the main point of your essay.
- It give the reader a sense of finality.
The conclusion of an essay is no more than a rewording of the thesis as a means of "wrapping up" the essay and reminding the reader of the purpose for which the essay has been written. Therefore, it will reiterate the general statement and the three (usually) opinions/arguments that make up this general statement. With the topic of transportation in India, you have probably discussed the development of this transportation and the history that is attached to this transportation which is tied to India's colonization and advancement into the nineteenth century. In a sense, the conclusion demonstrates to the reader that you have, indeed, proved his/her statement and main points, or arguments about...
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India's transportation.
In addition, a conclusion should also have a "clincher." This gives the conclusion a sense of finality. Again, the clincher takes the reader back to the introductory paragraph in which you have provided a "hook" or "motivator" (Bailey & Powell), an observation or quotation relative to the topic. And, as mentioned in the previous post, the clincher takes the reader "to a broader vision," or to an extension of thought from the points in the essay. For instance, the clincher could make a statement that looks to India's future with its advancements in transportation.
Source: Bailey, Edward P. and Powell, Philip A. The Practical Writer. Boston: Thomson-Heilne, 2003. Print.
References
I think that much of this is going to be contingent on what you have produced so far. In general, a conclusion can be seen to accomplish one of two purposes. Good conclusions can accomplish both ends. The first is a summary of what had been proven thus far. This does not mean to rehash what already has been said, but rather recap in a more specific manner how the thesis was proven or how the points were brought out throughout the work/ project. The second purpose of a conclusion, in my mind, is to evoke the idea of why what has been argued has broader implications for the future. It becomes essential for conclusions to be able to actually help to raise more wonderment and questioning in the mind of the reader as to why the topic presented has much more relevance than originally thought and even beyond this page. This will require you to review what you have argued in transportation in India, how the points made will connect to a broader vision of society, as well as why what has been said has meaning and purpose.
The conclusion of any presentation is your opportunity to summarize and review what you have done in the body of your work. This is your chance to emphasize the important points that you have presented.
Go back through your project and remind yourself of what you learned about road transport in India. What are the things you hope someone else could learn about this subject by reading your paper? If you used an outline to help you organize your information before you started writing your project, what were the main points of the outline? These are the pieces of information that need to be included in your conclusion.
After identifying what needs to be included, decide how these elements work together to support whatever end impression you want your project to create with your audience. Use that ending relationship to shape how you phrase your concluding paragraph. It doesn't need to be long, because you've already presented all your information. This is one final reminder of the most important parts and one final chance to show how they fit together to support whatever you want to communicate about your subject.
How would you write a conclusion for an essay on the transportation system in India?
The conclusion should be the best part of the essay. The reader remembers the last thing that he read. Therefore, this part of the essay is just as important as the introduction and the body. Here are some strategies for writing a conclusion:
- A conclusion should re-emphasize the thesis statement. In addition, the conclusion should give the essay a sense of completeness. Leave the reader with good final impression of the essay and its topic.
- Restate the thesis sentence using different words. Demonstrate to the reader that the paper was important without using the word important. The first sentence(s) should indicate why the paper was meaningful and useful.
- Do not just summarize. Do not repeat things worded the same way that they were in the body of the paper. Explain how the points prove the thesis of the essay.
- Give the reader something to think about by revealing how the essay’s information applies to reality.
- Write your conclusion from specific to the general.
- Challenge the reader to do something involved with the topic.
- Do not give new ideas in the conclusion. Create an image for the reader.
- Make the paper go full-circle by referring to a story, anecdote, or scenario that was included in the introduction.
- Quote a famous person who says something about the topic.
Conclude with a quotation from or reference to a primary or secondary source. Use a quotation that amplifies the main point in a different perspective. (Pat Bellanca, Harvard Writing Center)
EXAMPLE:
A familiar and organized system of transportation parallels prolonged economic growth in a country. The current transportation system of India encompasses several modes including rail, highway, coastal shipping, and air transport.
Here is a brief sample conclusion.
Indian transportation has recorded considerable progress. The Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport and Highways responsibilities include the construction and implementation of policies. Christian Lange, a European politican is often quoted as saying "a world market" and opportunity have opend up.