Earle Birney Criticism: Further Reading

David, Jack, "Visual Poetry in Canada: Birney, Bissett, and bp," Studies in Canadian Literature, no. 2 (1977): 252-66. (An overview of concrete poetry in Canada that includes attention to Earle Birney's role as a pioneer in the use of visual techniques in poetry.)

Jones, D. G., "The Courage to Be," in Butterfly on Rock, D. G. Jones, pp. 111-38. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: University of Toronto Press, 1970. (A consideration of the treatment of the Leviathan theme in the works of E. J. Pratt, A. J. M. Smith, Irving Layton, and Earle Birney.)

Smith, A. J. M., "A Unified Personality: Birney's Poems," Canadian Literature, no. 30 (autumn 1966): 4-13. (An overview of the poems contained in Birney's Selected Poems.)

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