Themes: Psychological Insights and Dream Influence
The fact that Stevenson conceived the plot in a dream is not only relevant but also remarkably noteworthy. Sigmund Freud, the psychiatrist who pioneered the systematic study of dreams and their interpretations, did not release his Interpretation of Dreams until 1901, and his theories on the three-part human personality emerged in the 1920s. Nevertheless, the description of the "id" aligns closely with an analysis of Edward Hyde: "The collection of uncontrolled energies, both sexual and aggressive, which form part of the unconscious and impact conscious behavior by seeking release and instant satisfaction..." This passage from the Dictionary of Behavioral Science could easily have been written by Dr. Lanyon regarding the terrifying Hyde. In a time when multiple personalities are a significant area of study, Stevenson's early insight seems almost astonishing.
Expert Q&A
In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, what does Jekyll's expression "the hard law of life being one of the most plentiful springs of distress" mean?
In Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Jekyll's expression "the hard law of life being one of the most plentiful springs of distress" refers to the concept of guilt. He reflects on the duality within himself and the distress caused by religious and moral guilt stemming from his hidden evil behaviors and pleasures.
What indications are there of Dr. Jekyll's state of mind when he looks "deadly sick"?
Dr. Jekyll's state of mind is indicated by his "deadly sick" appearance, reflecting his deep sorrow and sense of captivity. Described as a "disconsolate prisoner," Jekyll feels trapped by his diminishing control over Hyde. In a letter to Utterson, Jekyll expresses resignation to his fate and acknowledges his suffering as a consequence of his actions. He considers himself both "the chief of sinners" and "the chief of sufferers," highlighting his despair and regret.
Psychoanalytic Criticism of "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde"
Psychoanalytic criticism of Robert Louis Stevenson's The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde explores the duality of human nature, symbolized by Jekyll's struggle between his good and evil sides. Critics appreciate the novel's exploration of the darker aspects of humanity but note its limitations due to Victorian morality, which prevents detailed depictions of Hyde's crimes. The narrative style is criticized for being overly complex, yet some view it as a command of language. Psychoanalytic analysis might also examine the symbolism of Jekyll's house and the role of Utterson as a conflicted observer.
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