In A Doll's House, marriage is portrayed as a complex and often oppressive institution. The play critiques the traditional roles and expectations within marriage, particularly highlighting the lack of equality and autonomy for women. Through the characters of Nora and Torvald Helmer, Ibsen explores the superficiality and power imbalances that can exist in marital relationships, ultimately questioning the societal norms that dictate these dynamics.

The title of the play itself, A Doll's House, is significant in understanding the theme of marriage. It symbolizes the artificial and controlled environment in which Nora lives, treated as a "doll" by her husband, Torvald. Nora's realization that her marriage has been a facade is pivotal. She compares herself to a doll, saying, "

our home has been nothing but a playroom. I have been your doll-wife, just as at home I was papa's doll-child; and here the children have been my dolls.<\/blockquote>" This metaphor underscores the lack of genuine connection and equality in their relationship.

The play critiques not only the Helmers' marriage but marriage as an institution. Initially, Nora and Torvald's relationship appears normal for the time, with Torvald using affectionate but patronizing nicknames for Nora. However, these interactions reveal an inherent power dynamic, with Nora dependent on Torvald. Her act of independence, taking out a loan to save Torvald's life, is hidden due to the lack of equality in their marriage. Torvald's reaction to the blackmail letter further exposes the imbalance, as he blames Nora for everything, illustrating the typical dynamics of traditional marriages.

Nora's desire to rip her masquerade clothes symbolizes her yearning to break free from her constrained life and marriage. The clothes represent the roles she plays, controlled by her husband. Her frustration grows as she realizes the superficiality of her marriage, leading to her decision to seek independence. This act of rebellion highlights her quest for authenticity and critiques the dehumanizing treatment of women in traditional marriages.

The play's controversial ending, where Nora leaves her husband and children, shocked audiences of the time. It was seen as an affront to the institution of marriage, challenging the belief that a woman's place was solely in the home. Nora's departure symbolizes her rejection of her subservient role and her pursuit of self-identity, critiquing the patriarchal society's devaluation of women. This bold statement on marriage and gender roles continues to resonate, making A Doll's House a powerful critique of societal norms.