Student Question
What is Hume arguing through the quote, "A species of creatures … though rational … possessed of such inferior strength"?
Quick answer:
David Hume, in the quote, is examining the extent to which justice should apply to beings he considers "inferior." He describes a rational species weaker than humans, suggesting they should be treated with humanity but not afforded full justice, like property rights. Although Hume does not specify, these "creatures" could refer to those he sees as inferior due to race, culture, or disability, implying that not all humans are equal in rights.
In this quotation, David Hume is exploring how far and to whom justice should extend. Let’s look at some of what he has to say to help you better understand the meaning of the passage.
Hume begins by defining a “species of creatures” who are rational and are “intermingled with men.” Yet these creatures are weak and inferior in body and mind. These creatures cannot be animals because they are rational, but they are, in Hume’s eyes, sub-human because of their weakness.
Hume goes on to argue that people should treat these creatures gently as part of the “laws of humanity,” but they are not due the same level of justice that a full human being is. Hume explains that they cannot hold property, for instance, and must be governed under the power of others.
So who are these “creatures”? Hume does not say explicitly, but we can infer that they are humans whom he considers inferior. They may be of another race or culture. Hume does mention “barbarous Indians.” Some scholars have taken Hume to be referring to disabled people. Basically, Hume is saying that not all humans are equal and not all have the same rights.
Get Ahead with eNotes
Start your 48-hour free trial to access everything you need to rise to the top of the class. Enjoy expert answers and study guides ad-free and take your learning to the next level.
Already a member? Log in here.