[i carry your heart with me(i carry it in]

by E. E. Cummings

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Student Question

How does the repetition in E.E. Cummings' poem "I carry your heart with me (I carry it in)" contribute to its effectiveness?

The poem includes repetition in phrases such as "here is the root of the root and the bud of the bud / and the sky of the sky" and "i carry your heart".

Expert Answers

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This poem is a pure, ardent, and heartfelt declaration of love. The speaker wants the one that he loves to know, unequivocally, that his love is genuine, passionate ,and uncompromising. He also wants his loved one, and perhaps also the reader, to understand that there is nothing more important or essential than love.

In the third stanza, the speaker uses repetition when he declares that "here is the root of the root and / the bud of the bud." He is referring here to love, and the repetition of "the root" emphasizes his point that love is essential. It is the beginning of every other part of life. The repetition of "the bud" emphasizes the same idea by suggesting that love is, metaphorically, the "bud" from which all else blossoms.

The poet also repeats throughout the poem the phrase "i carry your heart." This phrase, in which the heart symbolizes love, implies that the speaker cares for and wants to protect the love of his loved one. He carries it with him to keep it close but also perhaps to ensure that no harm comes to it. The speaker begins and ends the poem with this phrase to demonstrate how important his loved one is to him.

The poet also repeats throughout the poem affectionate phrases like "my dear," "my daring," and "my world." These phrases compound the impression conveyed by the aforementioned examples of repetition. They emphasize the degree of the speaker's love for his loved one. The repetition of the possessive pronoun "my" also implies how possessive the speaker is of the love that he has for and with his loved one.

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