BIOGRAPHY

Costa Lima, Luiz. “Carlos Drummond de Andrade.” In Latin American Writers, pp. 957-74. New York: Scribners, 1989.

Lengthy biographical-critical assessment of Drummond.

CRITICISM

de Araújo, Virginia, and Joaquim-Francisco Coelho. “Drummond de Andrade: An Introduction.” Chicago Review 27, no. 2 (fall 1975): 56-63.

An assessment of the modernist impulses in Drummond's poetry.

Nist, John. “Conscience of Brazil: Carlos Drummond de Andrade.” Américas 15, no. 1 (January 1963): 32-5.

An early English-language review of Drummond's work which dwells on his sense of irony as a way to cope with modern life.

———. “Contemporary Brazilian Poetry.” Books Abroad 37, no. 3 (summer 1963): 245-51.

Another general assessment of Drummond, emphasizing his understanding of the human condition.

Additional coverage of Drummond's life and career is contained in the following sources published by the Gale Group: Contemporary Authors, Vols. 123, 132; Contemporary Literary Criticism, Vol. 18; Latin American Writers; Literature Resource Center; and Reference Guide to World Literature, Eds. 2, 3.