Summary and Analysis Chapter 14: Cheyenne Exodus
New Characters
Dull Knife: Northern Cheyenne chief who argued that the tribe should settle
down and go to Red Cloud’s agency.
Little Wolf: Northern Cheyenne chief who led a band of Cheyennes north to the Tongue River valley.
Summary
As Crazy Horse is surrendering his Oglalas at Fort Robinson in 1877, about 1000
Northern Cheyennes, including chiefs Little Wolf, Dull Knife, and Standing Elk,
are also surrendering at the fort. Of those Cheyennes, 937 journey from Fort
Robinson to Fort Reno on the Cheyenne and Arapaho reservation. They are
displeased by the land at Fort Reno, and so in the fall of 1877, they decide to
go north to hunt buffalo and thereby improve their health. In the spring of
1878, the Northern Cheyennes return from their unsuccessful hunt, and back on
the reservation, they suffer from measles, fevers, and chills, with a measles
epidemic killing many of their children. Some chiefs, including Little Wolf and
Dull Knife, decided to go north. These Cheyenne and Army soldiers fight running
battles in Kansas and Nebraska, and in the fall, Little Wolf’s band, now
numbering 130, goes north to the Tongue River, while Dull Knife’s band, now
numbering 150, goes to Red Cloud’s agency. Dull Knife's band discovers Red
Cloud’s agency has been moved to the Dakota Territory and is redirected by the
Army back to Fort Robinson. In January 1879, they rebel against the order for
them to be sent back to their reservation in the South because there are no
buffalo in the South. In the ensuing battle at Fort Robinson fought in
resistance of the order, over half of Dull Knife’s warriors die, 65 Northern
Cheyennes, most of them women and children, are taken prisoner, and 38 escape.
They move north under Army pursuit. Of those 38, a party of 32 are trapped in a
wallow, and all but 9 are killed. Meanwhile, Dull Knife’s party of 6 goes north
to Red Cloud’s reservation at Pine Ridge. Little Wolf eventually surrenders in
1880, only to be subsequently transferred to Fort Keogh, then on to a
reservation on the Tongue River.
Analysis
The Cheyennes who surrendered with the Sioux were, like many other tribes,
placed on a dismal reservation, and although receiving the freedom to go
hunting buffalo in the fall, they found there were too few buffalo to support
the hunters themselves, much less bring back any meat for the rest of the
tribe. When the Cheyennes decided to flee, they found the whites’ superior
technology, particularly the railroad, too much to overcome. Again, Brown is
telling the readers the story of a tribe being slowly driven into the ground.
The sympathy shown to the Cheyennes by the soldiers at Fort Robinson may or may
not have an entirely unique kindness toward the Indians, but it was too little,
too late, as the chapter closes by describing the Cheyennes being shuttled from
reservation to reservation.
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