Themes: The Grand Inquisitor and the Problem of Freedom
This perilous belief drives Smerdyakov to kill old Karamazov and haunts Ivan throughout the novel, as he yearns to have faith but finds it nearly impossible. In what is arguably one of the most renowned chapters in global literature, "The Grand Inquisitor," Ivan shares with Alyosha a "poem in prose" he composed, set during the Spanish Inquisition in Seville. Christ returns to earth and is captured for questioning by an inquisitor. The inquisitor reproaches Christ for offering humanity freedom, which he argues is not what they truly seek: "Oh, we shall persuade them that they will only be free when they renounce their freedom to us and submit to us." He offers numerous historical examples to bolster his claim. At the conclusion of the interrogation, after the inquisitor vows to burn Christ at the stake (and after Alyosha objects to the "atheistic" tale), Ivan ends by describing how Christ approaches the elderly man and kisses him "on his bloodless aged lips. That was all his answer. The old man shuddered. His lips moved," and he sets his prisoner free, saying, "Go, and come no more . . . . come not at all, never, never!"
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