In this particular phrase from “A Bird came down the Walk—” the speaker wants to emphasize certain features of the bird that she's describing. She's already told us about his “rapid eyes” that look to her like “frightened Beads” and how he stirs his “Velvet Head” as if he were in danger.
The combined effect of these descriptions is to give us the impression that the bird is not quite in his element on the ground, that he feels much safer when he's hopping around the treetops or flying through the air. At no point does he seem completely at ease in his interactions with the speaker.
This impression that the bird is somewhat out of his element appears to be confirmed by the speaker's description of his flight. She says that he
unrolled his feathers,
And rowed him softer Home—
Than Oars divide the Ocean.
What the speaker means...
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by this is that, once the bird has spread his wings, he moves more softly through the air than oars when they dip into the ocean without causing ripples.
Notice the contrast here between the graceful manner in which the bird flies and the rather awkward, timid manner in which he behaved when he came down the walk. It's clear from this that the bird's natural home is the sky; it is there that he's in his element, not on a path being fed crumbs by a well-meaning human.
References
This phrase occurs in the poem "A bird came down the walk--" by Emily Dickinson. The phrase is part of a metaphor: "he unrolled his feathers / And rowed him softer home— / Than Oars divide the Ocean." In this part of the poem, the speaker has cautiously approached a bird she has seen come down the walk. After the bird hops up to "the Wall," presumably a low wall in a garden, the speaker offers the bird a crumb. The bird, however, is not tame enough to take the crumb from the speaker, and it "unrolls his feathers." This image makes one think of the slow unfurling of a ribbon or some other fabric that has been rolled up--this is what the bird's spreading its wings reminds the poet of. The next part compares the bird's wings to oars and the sky to the ocean. As the bird's wings beat the air in flight, it is as if the oars of a boat are dipping into the water and pushing off to make the boat advance--but instead, the bird advances through the invisible air.
The word "softer" describes the smooth and effortless feeling that flying conveys. The phrase is actually grammatically incorrect. "Softer" is an adjective, and thus it should be modifying a noun, but in this sentence it modifies the verb, "rowed." To be correct, Dickinson should have written, "and rowed him home more softly than oars divide the ocean." Such a construction would have destroyed the beautiful lilting rhythm of the poem which corresponds well to the seamless flight Dickinson describes. While using the incorrect form of the word could be considered just playing with syntax, in specific terms, it could be synesis, where the correct grammatical expression is sacrificed in order to obtain the meaning that is desired. Dickinson is aiming for a direct comparison between the softness of oars in the water and the softness of wings in the air. Thus by using the word "softer," Dickinson simplifies and clarifies the comparison she is making. The bird's flight is "softer" than a boat's passage through water.
References