Student Question

Why did the Danes bury the treasure that Beowulf and Wiglaf recovered from the dragon?

Quick answer:

The Danes buried the treasure recovered from the dragon because it was considered "useless" after Beowulf's death. Although the dragon's curse was lifted, the treasure symbolized the bond between a leader and his people. With their "gold-giver" Beowulf gone, the Danes believed no one else was worthy to distribute the gold. Thus, they buried it as a tribute to their fallen hero, emphasizing the cultural importance of gift-giving in their society.

Expert Answers

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The treasure hoard guarded by the dragon in the Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf was a mass of cursed gold, which myth told could only be uncovered by a chosen one of God himself. Even though Heaney's translation states, "The treasure had been won, bought and paid for by Beowulf's death," the gold did not remain buried. Beowulf and Wiglaf's destruction of the dragon did free the gold from the ancient curse. Although it seemed for a moment that the cowardly soldiers who abandoned their leader would enjoy in the spoils of the battle, this was not to be. The citizen mourned the death of a great hero and buried the "useless" treasure. For a narrative centered around the giving and receiving of gold, this is a significant moment. With their "gold-giver" dead, the Danes felt that no one but Beowulf would have been worthy to gift them with this treasure, so it was buried.

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