The deeper meaning of Animal Farm critiques human flaws, particularly the desire for power and deceit. Orwell illustrates how leaders exploit language to manipulate and control populations. The pigs' alteration of the Seven Commandments exemplifies this, culminating in the absurdity of "more equal" animals. Orwell warns that unchecked power and deception lead to societal suffering, urging individuals to resist manipulation and challenge misleading rhetoric to prevent exploitation.

The animals' situation under Mr. Jones at Manor Farm was laborious, oppressive, and marked by malnutrition and harsh treatment. After the Rebellion, life at Animal Farm under Napoleon mirrored these conditions, with increased labor, reduced rations, public executions, and exploitation. Napoleon's rule became indistinguishable from Mr. Jones's, culminating in the farm's name reverting to Manor Farm, symbolizing the unchanged and possibly worsened oppression.

Orwell represents the "proletariat" with the horse Boxer in Animal Farm to symbolize the Russian working class. Boxer is hardworking, strong, yet naive, believing in the propaganda of the ruling pigs, which mirrors the Soviet proletariat's exploitation under the Communist regime. Despite their labor, Boxer's class gains little benefit, similar to the Soviet workers. Orwell highlights their endurance and loyalty, especially during the Battle of the Windmill, paralleling Soviet resilience in WWII.

The pigs use Boxer's death to manipulate the animals into working harder by fabricating a story about his death in a hospital, receiving excellent care, and dying happy. Napoleon encourages the animals to adopt Boxer's maxims, "I will work harder" and "Comrade Napoleon is always right." This tactic exploits Boxer's admired reputation to reinforce obedience and labor, while highlighting the pigs' absolute power and control, as the animals realize the futility of rebellion.

Old Major's speech and the opening of The Communist Manifesto both address themes of oppression and class struggle. Old Major highlights the animals' exploitation by humans, while Marx and Engels describe class antagonisms in bourgeois society. Both emphasize a binary conflict between oppressor and oppressed, advocating for rebellion. However, The Communist Manifesto focuses on historical class struggle, whereas Old Major envisions a future free from human tyranny.

The animals' conditions on the farm have deteriorated significantly. The pigs live in luxury, enjoying privileges like living in the farmhouse and drinking whiskey, while other animals face harsh conditions. They endure minimal food rations, grueling work, and forced participation in propaganda events. The betrayal and death of Boxer highlight their plight. Ultimately, life under the pigs is more oppressive than it was under Mr. Jones, blurring the line between pigs and humans.

In the real world, the Animal Hero First and Second Class medals from Animal Farm mean that not all animals are equal. Despite the Seventh Commandment of Animalism proclaiming that all animals are equal, it's clear from the distinction between the First and Second Class medals that, in Orwell's famous quip, some animals are more equal than others.

Mankind is not the root of the animals' problems in Animal Farm. Although Old Major blames humans for the animals' suffering, the true issue is the pigs' greed and quest for power, especially Napoleon's. After Mr. Jones' expulsion, the animals face even worse conditions under Napoleon's rule, highlighting that their plight stems from internal corruption rather than external human influence.

Major in Animal Farm highlights the exploitation of animals by humans, noting that the "produce of our labour" includes milk from cows, eggs from hens, and the general toil that supports humans who do not contribute. He emphasizes that animals are reduced to commodities, akin to Karl Marx and Lenin's views on workers being exploited by the ruling class. This sets the stage for the animals' rebellion, which ultimately leads to a similar oppressive regime.

If all animals were as educated as the pigs, they would likely have resisted Napoleon's oppressive regime. Literacy and education would have enabled them to understand and uphold the original revolutionary ideals, recognize deceit, and challenge Napoleon's amendments to The Seven Commandments. This could have prevented the exploitation and maintained equality on the farm. Thus, education is portrayed as a crucial tool for empowerment and resistance against tyranny, reflecting real-world political dynamics.