shop. Winston continually compares Charrington's apartment to a private sanctuary, where he lies in bed next to Julia, makes love to her, and engages in meaningful conversations with her. Winston also compares Mr. Charrington's apartment to a "pocket of the past," where he can express his individuality without overt government scrutiny. Through Winston's improved health and mental state, Orwell is commenting on the importance of independence, privacy, and human connection. In a dystopian nation like Oceania, citizens lack these essential aspects of life, which Orwell depicts as necessary, healthy, and fundamental to the human experience.

Winston changes in part 3 through various means. Most obviously, he betrays Julia. It took him a little while to be broken, but he does finally turn on her. Previously, when speaking with O'Brien in Book 2, both Julia and Winston were asked if they would sacrifice each other for the sake of the cause. They said no, they would not betray each other.

Similarly, he has been able to maintain in his mind what he knew as absolute truth for the first two books and the majority of the third book. By the end of the third book, he releases himself completely allowing the torture to totally change him. His mind took on a revised outlook:

He pushed the picture out of his mind. It was a false memory. He was troubled by false memories occasionally. They did not matter so long as one knew them for what they were. Some things had happened, others had not happened.

When he experienced memories, or saw truth playing out in front of him, he now took them for a different value: falsehood. This is complete brain-washing. He allowed it to happen to him. That is why the book closes with the words:

He loved Big Brother.

Winston changes from being inhuman and callous to being a caring and loving person, at least for a time. This change is caused by his connection to Julia. His love for Julia allows him to start caring for other people.

There are plenty of examples of both sides of Winston's personality. At the beginning of the book, Winston sees the proles as subhuman. When a bomb explodes and throws the severed hand of a prole in his path, he disdainfully kicks it to the side. He is unmoved by the violence around him or the punishing lot of the proles. In fact, as is "normal" in his society, Winston fantasizes about violence, especially sexual violence, and dreams of raping Julia.

Winston's secret affair with Julia changes his thinking about the proles and the government. His love for her awakens his interest in the genuine, and he begins to question the value of the revolution. One example of this change comes with his recognition that the prole washerwoman hanging sheets outside the secret room he shares with Julia is "beautiful." Winston sees in the proles a kind of simple honesty that the Party has outlawed and comes to believe that the only way to overthrow the Party is through a revolution by the proles. In this way, his love for Julia finds expression in a desire for political action.

Of course, Winston and Julia are both caught by the Thought Police. Winston is imprisoned and tortured in the Ministry of Love and eventually betrays Julia. At the end of the book, he is more committed than ever to minding the Party line.

Winston changes dramatically throughout the novel.  At the beginning, he is trying to survive in his society, but all the while doubtful, questioning, and hateful towards the powers that ran it.  He knew things weren't right, but didn't quite know how.  He knew that he couldn't be the only one that hated the party, but felt hopeless that he could connect with anyone else.  He was confused and struggling.

As time passes, and he meets Julia, his confidence in his own mind and rebellion increase.  He realizes that he is not alone in his feelings, and that life might be worth living, if only for a while.  He enjoys life almost, and feels validated in his feelings against the party.  His thoughts become more lucid and powerful; he is able to record more logical and thought-out analogies in his journal.  He grows bolder in his attempts to evade the party, securing the room for himself and Julia.

After he is captured, he goes through a dramatic change.  He mind and body are broken, and he comes out of the experience almost unrecognizable.  For a long time, while he is tortured and questioned, he held on to his logic, his hatred, and his own thought processes, but in the end, they got that too.  They taught him well that truth is only what the party says, even if it doesn't make sense.  They taught him that the party must have his heart also, not just his thoughts.  They taught him that he is a coward that would betray loved ones to save his own skin.  He comes out a total party worshipper; he loves big brother, he loves the party.  He drowns himself in gin and lives a meaningless life filled only with a boring job and a fixation on war, and he doesn't even think of living any other way. His independence, his mind, his hatred, and his agency is completely destroyed.

I hope that those thoughts helped; good luck!

The physical change in Winston follows a different trajectory from his emotional and mental transformation. In the Ministry of Love, he is broken in all three respects, but the physical transformation comes first. When O'Brien commands him to look in the mirror, Winston sees a "bowed, grey-coloured, skeleton-like thing." His hair and teeth are falling out, and he is filthy and decrepit. At this stage, however, he is still in rebellion. He loves Julia and hates Big Brother.

This is Winston's physical nadir. The regeneration of his body begins even before he is sent to Room 101:

He was much better. He was growing fatter and stronger every day, if it was proper to speak of days....They had given him new underclothes and a clean suit of overalls. They had dressed his varicose ulcer with soothing ointment. They had pulled out the remnants of his teeth and given him a new set of dentures.

By the final scene of the book, Winston has more than regained his old color and weight. However, the Party has gotten inside his mind, making him treat Julia with cold dislike and filling his heart with servile adoration for Big Brother. This is the one thing he believed the Party could not do. O'Brien shows Winston that the Party, while it employs physical torture, does not rely on it very heavily. Winston always knew he would be tortured in this way if he was caught. What he did not expect was the Party's ability to dominate his mind and spirit, changing the way he thinks and feels about everything, making him a different man, or perhaps, by his former standards, not a man at all.

Through the course of 1984, George Orwell chronicles the total transformation of Winston Smith. Winston begins as from a man who retains a small amount of hope that society can get better; in the end, he has come to accept—and even to welcome—that he is under the control of the state. Physically, Winston is short and slender with reddish hair. Emotionally, having had a failed marriage, he takes time to care about Julia rather than just appreciate their sexual relationship. Mentally, Winston is curious and intelligent; he is not satisfied by his work as a writer/propagandist. He seems to be suspicious, but at first the reader cannot tell if he is justifiably fearful or paranoid. His rebellious streak, manifested by his desire to resist Big Brother’s total domination of everyone’s life, is finally excised by O’Brien’s concerted efforts.

Already frail, Winston is weakened and disfigured by the torture he endures in the Ministry of Love. When O’Brien switches tactics and allows him a mirror, Winston does not even recognize himself with his ashen skin and missing teeth. O’Brien then accelerates his attacks, preying on Winston’s psychological frailty by using his mental Achilles heel, which is fear of rats. Although Winston had come to believe that he loved Julia and cherishes fond memories of their time together, once he is confined with the object of his phobia, he breaks down and betrays her. O’Brien and his forces succeed in transferring Winston’s capacity for love to the symbol he believes is his benefactor: Big Brother.

Before Winston Smith met Julia, he was a completely miserable, depressed man, who was a secret political dissident and would only express his negative feelings towards Big Brother and the Party in his private journal. Initially, Winston Smith believes that Julia is a possible agent of the Thought Police and an orthodox member of the Junior Anti-Sex League. However, Julia ends up slipping him a meaningful note and the two meet up in the countryside. After consummating, Winston begins to feel more confident about exercising his individuality and challenging the oppressive authoritarian regime. Winston's relationship with Julia begins to grow and he no longer feels depressed or fed up with life. Julia allows Winston to experience a certain level of autonomy and independence, which he has never felt before. His sexual urges are also satisfied and her presence eases his mind. After meeting Julia, Winston seems healthier, spiritually renewed, and more comfortable in his own skin.

As the story progresses, Winston gradually becomes more rebellious. He's no longer prepared to accept life as a humble functionary in the Outer Party; he wants to play his part in overthrowing the tyrannical state which he serves. Deep down he knows that one day he'll be crushed by the regime as with so many others before him. But if he's going to go down, then he might as well go down fighting.

This attitude of quiet defiance leads him to act recklessly, taking risks that will bring him one step closer to being vaporized: the recording of subversive thoughts in the diary, the illicit love affair with Julia, the involvement with what he thinks is the anti-government resistance. All of these activities show Winston becoming bolder in his defiance of the Party.

But Winston is ultimately caught out by the Party, as he always knew he would be. Subjected to prolonged and painful torture and forced to confront his innermost fears in the hellish confines of Room 101, Winston finally gives up the ghost and cracks under pressure. Whether Winston has truly changed in the very depths of his soul is a moot point, but outwardly at least he has indeed undergone a profound transformation. For he now loves Big Brother.

Winston starts the novel groping to find his humanity through writing in a journal, but at this point, he is largely dehumanized. This is made most clear by his thoughts about Julia. Before he even knows her name, he sees her in her red chastity belt, notes she is both beautiful and (he thinks) unavailable, and wants to rape and harm her. This shows how the alienation, hate, and violence encouraged by the state has seeped into his soul.

However, once he gets involved in an affair with Julia and gets to know her and love her, he begins to become a real human being again. He wants to protect Julia, not harm her. She matters to him very deeply, and he experiences great caring towards her.

As Winston gains some sense of humanity, he begins to remember more about his mother, another person—probably the last other person—to show him genuine love. He also is able to turn from viewing the proles with hatred and contempt to seeing the large older woman who hangs the wash outside the window of Mr. Charrington's shop as "beautiful."

Of course, O'Brien's goal will be to try to eradicate all this newfound humanity.