Student Question

How does Orwell's depiction of the "new poster" in 1984 reflect xenophobic attitudes?

Quick answer:

Orwell describes the image on the new poster by saying it features a Eurasian soldier with an “expressionless Mongolian face” whose gun “seemed to be pointed straight at you.” The word “expressionless” dehumanizes the people of Eurasia and characterizes them as nothing more than a violent threat. Encouraging xenophobic attitudes allows the Party to instill constant fear and loyalty in its people and thus continue to control the population.

Expert Answers

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As Oceania prepares for Hate Week, a new poster appears all over London, in more places than posters of Big Brother. There is no writing on this new poster, just an image which Orwell describes as follows:

The monstrous figure of a Eurasian soldier, three or four meters high, striding forward with expressionless Mongolian face and enormous boots, a submachine gun pointed from his hip. From whatever angle you looked at the poster, the muzzle of the gun, magnified by the foreshortening, seemed to be pointed straight at you.

Orwell’s language here reflects a xenophobic attitude towards people from Eurasia because it makes them seem like an inhuman threat that should be feared. By using the word “expressionless” to describe the soldier, Orwell suggests that he does not have emotions and thus dehumanizes him. Instead of being depicted as a human being, this man is portrayed only as a threat, one that is out to get the viewer.

Since it is almost Hate Week, it is logical that the Party would spread an image around that encourages people to hate the current enemy. But the Party also encourages xenophobia through propaganda like this so that people who live in Oceania will be more loyal citizens. As Goldstein later explains in his book, perpetual war allows for the ruling class to control the population through constant fear. Instilling fear and dislike of others has long been a tactic of totalitarian governments to encourage nationalism. For example, Hitler did this when he encouraged not only the hatred, but the eradication of Jewish people, in the hopes that the Nazi party would achieve world domination and the Aryan race would be the only one remaining.

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