Lynnette Wofford, Ph.D.
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About
Professor of English.
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Recent Activity
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Answered a Question in The World Is Too Much with Us
An argumentative essay is one where you state a thesis and support that thesis from the text of the poem or other relevant sources. For an essay to be genuinely argumentative, it must make a point... -
Answered a Question in Hamlet
The single most important character in Shakespeare's Hamlet is the eponymous protagonist, Hamlet himself. He has the most lines of any character in the play and the plot revolves around his actions... -
Answered a Question in Guns, Germs, and Steel
Guns, Germs, and Steel by anthropologist Jared Diamond is explicitly intended to answer a question posed to Diamond by Yali, a local leader in Papua New Guinea. That question was, Why is it that... -
Answered a Question in Iliad
As there are several hundred characters covered in this question, it is not possible to simultaneously be accurate and cover the topic completely. The one accurate generalization one could make is... -
Answered a Question in History
The period of the industrial revolution was marked by dramatic changes in social structures. These changes affected everything from the nature of the family to the population distribution in... -
Answered a Question in Macbeth
The theory of the human psyche being divided into an id, ego, and superego was was invented by Sigmund Freud, who lived several centuries after William Shakespeare. Thus there is no way that... -
Answered a Question in A Conversation with My Father
“A Conversation with My Father” by American author Grace Paley (1922–2007) is a short story that was first published in the New American Review in 1972. It is a quasi-autobiographical,... -
Answered a Question in Modernism
First, it is important to note that not all poets writing in the period called "modernist" were followers of the poetic movement "Modernism." Robert Frost, for example, was, like many of the... -
Answered a Question in History
In a sense, this is a false dichotomy. Something as dramatic and complex as a revolution rarely has a single cause. Instead, for a revolution to occur, a significant group must both want change and... -
Answered a Question in History (General)
This sort of list by its very nature can lead to overly simplistic and monolithic explanations of history and not every general claim will apply to every country or every decade. Given those... -
Answered a Question in History
Polybius ( c. 208–c. 125 BCE) was a Greek historian whose Histories covered the period from 264–146 BCE, which saw the dramatic rise of the Roman Empire. His perspective as a writer is quite... -
Answered a Question in T. S. Eliot
Thomas Stearns Eliot (September 26, 1888–January 4, 1965) was an American poet who moved to England and became a British subject in 1927. He is considered a leading example of the Modernist... -
Answered a Question in Postcolonialism
Postcolonial theory is a genre of literary, social, and critical theory that explores the aftereffects of European colonialism on various non-European countries, although some scholars expand this... -
Answered a Question in Animal Farm
Animal Farm by George Orwell is an allegory that attempts to critique the communism of the Soviet Union by creation of a wide range of symbolic characters, some animal and some human. The key... -
Answered a Question in History
The terms "Columbian exchange" or "Columbian interchange" are used to describe interactions between Europe, Africa, and the Americas after the voyages of Christopher Columbus and subsequent... -
Answered a Question in The Market Revolution, Industrialization, and New Technologies
In certain ways, the First and Second Industrial Revolutions can be seen on a continuum rather than as radically different phenomena. Although the first was more dramatic in the way it shaped... -
Answered a Question in Harvest of Empire
The Hispanic population comprises the largest non-white minority in the United States. Although the Asian population has been growing slightly faster over the past two years, that is from a lower... -
Answered a Question in Apology
Socrates, in Apology, Crito, and Phaedo, gives multiple reasons why he does not fear death. Some are grounded in his own personal circumstances and some apply to all people equally. The first types... -
Answered a Question in La Belle Dame sans Merci
John Keats's "La Belle Dame Sans Merci" is often considered a prototypical poem of the Romantic movement. Its features both conform to and set a pattern for a certain type of Romantic lyric poem In... -
Answered a Question in Edna St. Vincent Millay
"Oh, Oh, You Will Be Sorry" is a poem by Edna St Vincent Millay (February 22, 1892–October 19, 1950), an American poet and playwright distinguished among other things for her feminism, social... -
Answered a Question in Literature
One significant thirteenth-century literary form was the Arthurian Romance, a subcategory of the "courtly romance." What makes this genre important is not just that it was popular in its own period... -
Answered a Question in Antigone
The term "tragic flaw" is not really one that can be pluralized. It is actually a somewhat misunderstood English translation of the Greek term "hamartia" that was used by the philosopher Aristotle... -
Answered a Question in Dreams from My Father
There are two potential ways in which this question could be interpreted. The first would be to assume that it is asking about whether the text itself has a central thesis and the second would... -
Answered a Question in Heart of Darkness
Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad is a complex work of fiction and, unlike a short essay, does not have just one single question or point. Instead, a measure of its greatness as a novel is the... -
Answered a Question in Social Change in the Nineteenth Century
It is difficult to quantify "success" with respect to complex political movements. Generally, though, the early nineteenth century was a period of gradual reform in Britain, slowly making the... -
Answered a Question in Black Woman
"Black Woman" was written by Léopold Sédar Senghor (9 October 1906–20 December 2001), a Senegalese poet and first president of Senegal (1960–80) who, prior to his involvement in politics, had a... -
Answered a Question in The Odyssey
Penelope is often held up as a prototype on an ideal Greek woman. She is loyal to her husband, a good mother to her son, steadfast, determined, and extremely clever. Although she is a far stronger... -
Answered a Question in History
John Putnam Demos is an American historian and professor emeritus at Yale University who has written several books on the topic of American history. Part of the inspiration for his work was the... -
Answered a Question in US History (General)
The War on Poverty, the protests against the Vietnam War, and the civil rights movement were all parts of an awakening of the forces of social justice in the 1960s. This was an era of great... -
Answered a Question in Daisy Miller
Daisy Miller is a novella by Henry James that was first published in Cornhill Magazine in June–July 1878. James himself was an American writer who had moved to London in 1869 and then to Paris in... -
Answered a Question in Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead is a play by Tom Stoppard that premiered at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 1966. Its protagonists are two minor characters from Shakespeare's Hamlet, the... -
Answered a Question in The Monk
The Monk: A Romance by Matthew Gregory Lewis was published in 1796 and is widely considered a significant exemplar of the Gothic genre. The first Gothic element of the novel is its setting. For its... -
Answered a Question in Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare is a play based on actual historical events in the life of the military leader, author, politician and dictator Julius Caesar, a man who bears much of the... -
Answered a Question in Into the Wild
The first step in answering the question is to note that it conflates two different issues, sensation-seeking behavior and risk. One good approach to answering the question is to parse its... -
Answered a Question in Robinson Crusoe
Robinson Crusoe is the eponymous protagonist of a novel by Daniel Defoe initially published on 25 April 1719. The novel is framed as the autobiography of the protagonist and details his experiences... -
Answered a Question in History
First, one should note that human beings, as an entire species, are not native to North America. All humans living in North America are immigrants, starting with the Native populations who first... -
Answered a Question in Things Fall Apart
Things Fall Apart was written in 1958 by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe. The protagonist of the novel is Okonkwo, a member of the Igbo tribe who lives in the village of Umuofia. Nwoye is the son of... -
Answered a Question in Gothic Literature
Gothic literature is a subset of Romantic literature. Thus all themes of Gothic literature can be said to belong to Romantic literature but there are themes addressed in some Romantic works which... -
Answered a Question in Spain 1937
"Spain 1937" is a poem by the British poet W. H. Auden (February 21, 1907–September 29, 1973) written in response to the Spanish Civil War. The Spanish Civil War was fought from 1936 to 1939 and... -
Answered a Question in Pygmalion
Freddy Eynsford Hill is a vacuous but nice young man who is in love with the protagonist of the play, Eliza Doolittle, an intelligent and ambitious cockney flower seller. They initially meet as... -
Answered a Question in Outliers: The Story of Success
Outliers: The Story of Success by Malcolm Gladwell was a work of popular nonfiction published in 2008. Although it was a bestseller, the term "cultural legacy" might be somewhat overstating its... -
Answered a Question in European History
The Roman Empire lasted for some five hundred years—or one thousand if one includes the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire. This means that it changed radically over the period during which it... -
Answered a Question in History
The type of literacy that existed in ancient Mesopotamia is what is known as "scribal literacy." This meant that very few people, even among the aristocracy, were literate. Reading and writing were... -
Answered a Question in History
The Industrial Revolution radically changed the economies of most European countries. The first major shift was from agriculture to manufacturing. Where in earlier periods, most of employment and... -
Answered a Question in The Catcher in the Rye
The protagonist of The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger is Holden Caulfield, a teenager who has just flunked out of another prep school and is undergoing treatment for mental health issues. He... -
Answered a Question in The Odyssey
Although contemporary readers encounter Homer's Odyssey as a single book, the ancient audience would have heard the epic recited by rhapsodes in segments roughly corresponding to what are now book... -
Answered a Question in Oedipus Rex
This question focuses on the central flaw in the character of Oedipus. In many ways, he is an admirable leader. He is intelligent, hard-working, and devoted to the good of his subjects. His actions... -
Answered a Question in The Importance of Being Earnest
Oscar Wilde lived during the Victorian period (i.e., the reign of Queen Victoria, which lasted from from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901). It is important here to distinguish... -
Answered a Question in The Pot of Gold
The Aulularia or Pot of Gold was written by the Latin playwright Plautus (ca. 254–184 BC). It was, however, adapted from a Greek original, the Dyscolus by Menander (ca. 342/41–c. 290 BC). The first... -
Answered a Question in A Streetcar Named Desire
The term "American Dream" was coined by James Truslow Adams (October 18, 1878, to May 18, 1949), an American journalist, in his 1931 book The Epic of America in which he stated: The American Dream...
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