Michael Stultz, M.A.
eNotes Educator
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About
~ Writer, Editor, Educator ~ Father of three ~ Cyclist
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Recent Activity
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Answered a Question in The Cask of Amontillado
There are three types of verbal irony: sarcasm, overstatement, and understatement. Sarcasm is saying the direct opposite of what you mean for humorous effect. Overstatement (also known as... -
Answered a Question in The Flea
In "The Flea" John Donne's speaker uses the metaphysical conceit of a flea's blood-sucking to convince a possible lover to join him in physical (sexual) union. It's a kind of pick-up line... -
Answered a Question in Othello
In Acts I and V of Othello, Shakespeare gives Othello dignity and heroic words, but in Acts II, III, and IV he gives Othello ignoble and immoral actions. Overall, Othello wins a battle with... -
Answered a Question in The Stranger
Meursault is the same on page one of The Stranger as he is on the last: heroic in the face of death. His only revelation is a recognition of the absurd: that most people choose death instead... -
Answered a Question in Tuesdays With Morrie
My favorite metaphor in Tuesdays with Morrie is the story above the wave. It's a metaphor that uses part-to-whole. Waves are the part; the ocean is the whole. The story is... -
Answered a Question in Brave New World
The "utopian" society of Brave New World is set up in a pyramid caste system structure. There are two, three, five, or six castes/classes, depending on how you look at the novel. Within... -
Answered a Question in 1984
1984 is a big set up. Orwell writes a comedy in the bleakest terms. Comedy, as you know, focuses mainly on the flaws of the society; a tragedy focuses on the individual. Orwell... -
Answered a Question in Brave New World
No. Brave New World is a comedy. Comedy is focused on society, while tragedy is focused on the individual. Clearly, Huxley's targets are societal. Brave New World is a dystopian... -
Answered a Question in The Stranger
In The Stranger, Camus gives us an absurd hero in Meursault who loves life, hates death, and scorns the gods. He also loves swimming, sex, sleeping, eating, smoking, and going to the movies--all... -
Answered a Question in John Donne
John Donne's poetry has two major phases: Early Donne: poetry is about physical love and the physical union of the male and female Late Donne: poetry is about sin and guilt and the spiritual union... -
Answered a Question in Julius Caesar
In Act III, scene ii of Julius Caesar, Brutus uses much parallelism (parallel construction: using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance.)... -
Answered a Question in The Catcher in the Rye
A. "Now he's out in Hollywood, D.B., being a prostitute. If there's one thing I hate, it's the movies. Don't even mention them to me" (2). 1. So begins Holden Caulfield’s caustic assault on... -
Answered a Question in To Kill a Mockingbird
Here are the main themes from the novel To Kill a Mockingbird: SOCIAL GOOD VS. SOCIAL EVIL: They're certainly entitled to think that, and they're entitled to full respect for their... -
Answered a Question in Literature
Aeschylus is the most traditional of the three. He expanded the role of the cast, from one actor to two. His plays still have the Chorus front and center, as protagonists. He... -
Answered a Question in Edmund Spenser
Sonnet 54 by Edmund Spenser: Of this worlds theatre in which we stay, My love like the spectator ydly sits Beholding me that all the pageants play, Disguysing diversly my troubled wits. Sometimes... -
Answered a Question in Puritan and Protestant Traditions in Literature
As you wish. Also see the links below for great Enotes researched topics. Calvinism and Baptist beliefs are forms of Puritanism. From my notes: A. Puritan / Calvinist / Baptist... -
Answered a Question in The Autobiography of Malcolm X
In Chapter 8 of The Autobiography of Malcolm X, Billie Holliday is also known as "Lady Day." Look on page 132 to find the answer. Malcolm describes how she would come over to his table at the... -
Answered a Question in Macbeth
Macbeth is Shakespeare's bloodiest and darkest play, with its supernatural forebodings, revenge, bloody births, wanton cruelty, murder of women and children, and our tragic hero's beheading at the... -
Answered a Question in Pride and Prejudice
In addition to the high quality response above, here are some more functions of conversation and dialogue in the novel Pride and Prejudice: Instead of the unrealistic dramatic monologues of earlier... -
Answered a Question in Brave New World
Caste Systems predate the novel Brave New World by hundreds of years. Huxley mainly based the book's caste system on the one in India. So, they are very real, not hypothetical. The... -
Answered a Question in Paradise Lost
In Books 1-4 of Paradise Lost, Satan is cast out of Heaven because of pride and hate. In a way, though, Satan actually chooses to be cast out. Choice is very important in Milton's... -
Answered a Question in Tuesdays With Morrie
In Tuesdays with Morrie, Morrie Schwarts is a born teacher. Teachers, as you know, need an audience. Even an audience of one. Morrie knows that he can impact Mitch's wayward,... -
Answered a Question in All the Pretty Horses
Cormac McCarthy's great Western novel All the Pretty Horses uses horses to symbolize manhood. Typically in the old West, guns were the definition of a man. But here, it's a man's... -
Answered a Question in The Odyssey
In Episode IX of The Odyssey, Odysseus takes the men to the island of the Cyclopes. His men have been rebellious and difficult, having gotten into trouble with the Cicones and the... -
Answered a Question in Frankenstein
You're quite right. Victor and Henry are character foils. Here's how: At school, Victor is the alazon, an impostor who thinks he is better than he really is. He rebels against... -
Answered a Question in The Cask of Amontillado
The narrator of "The Cask of Amontillado" is vindictive, spiteful, quick to anger, two-faced, extremely clever and meticulous, and deranged. In short, he is a megalomaniac: focused entirely... -
Answered a Question in Susan Glaspell
There is more authorial intrusion in the short story "A Jury of Her Peer" than in the play Trifles. As such, Glaspell reveals many more of her characters' feelings in the short story. She... -
Answered a Question in Brave New World
Brave New World is a novel of ideas and themes, so it isn't too concerned with plot or character. In some ways, John is the central character of the novel, but really he isn't. After... -
Answered a Question in Macbeth
As you know, katharsis is the purgation of pity and fear. It is what the audience should feel after a tragedy. Macbeth is wholly tragic, and it presents a tragic hero who is so... -
Answered a Question in Of Mice and Men
In Of Mice and Men, I think George performs a "mercy killing," not murder, on Lennie, his long-time friend. To convict on murder you need: 1) the act of murder and 2) an intent to kill which is... -
Answered a Question in Frankenstein
The following sciences can be found in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein: Genetic Engineering (Cloning): taking material from one organism and splicing it into another for the purpose of generating... -
Answered a Question in The Story of an Hour
"The Story of an Hour," by Kate Chopin employs the following literary devices: Situational Irony: a wife is supposed to die at the news of her husband's death, not at the re-appearance of him... -
Answered a Question in Pride and Prejudice
In Pride and Prejudice, Mrs. Bennett is described thusly: "a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper. When she was discontented, she fancied herself nervous. The... -
Answered a Question in Jane Eyre
I hate to disagree with the above poster, but this is a complex sentence, not a compound one, or even a "compund" one. There is only one independent clause "I leant..." A compound sentence... -
Answered a Question in Barn Burning
The themes of "Barn Burning" are related to cultural and socio-economic class distinctions, namely family clannishness. The Southern agrarian tradition holds that family justice supersedes... -
Answered a Question in Brave New World
In chapter 17 of Brave New World, John the Savage and Mustapha Mond discuss the emotional need for God. John asks the World Controller, "...isn't it natural to feel there's a God?" Mustapha... -
Answered a Question in Macbeth
Act I scene i of Macbeth establishes the mood, imagery, and themes of the play. Here are some examples: The Supernatural: the supernatural witches will juxtapose the natural (loyalty) and... -
Answered a Question in Macbeth
Lennox is the Fickle Thane: he gravitates to whoever is in power. First, he's "loyal" to Duncan; then Macbeth; finally, Malcolm. Lennox is none too bright. Shakespeare uses him as a... -
Answered a Question in 1984
In George Orwell's 1984, Hate Week is much like a Mardi Gras of public demonstrations (marches, parades) in which all of Oceania rallies for the war and for Big Brother. It is the similar to... -
Answered a Question in To Kill a Mockingbird
In To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee uses situational irony to address the theme of "appearance versus reality." Here are some examples: Aunt Alexandra's Missionary Tea Party appears to be a... -
Answered a Question in Their Eyes Were Watching God
Folklore is descended from the oral traditions from slavery onward by way of customs, superstitions, stories, dances and songs. So, who usually tells these stories and sings these songs?... -
Answered a Question in Brave New World
In Chapter 16 of Brave New World, Mustapha Mond discusses his role in maintaining stability in the Utopia. His role is mainly that of a grand censor. He censors all high art, namely... -
Answered a Question in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao
The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao is full of dualities, of character, place, time, theme, and motif. For every literary element in one chapter, there is a contrasting element in another.... -
Answered a Question in Frankenstein
In Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein attends the University of Ingolstadt in Germany, where he, under professor M. Waldman, studies the sciences interrelated to creating... -
Answered a Question in The Odyssey
In Book XII of The Odyssey, Helios (or Hyperion), the sun-god, says this to Zeus (or Jove): 'Father Jove, and all you other gods who live in everlasting bliss, I must have vengeance on the crew of... -
Answered a Question in Literary Terms
In English there are PARTS OF SPEECH: nouns, adjective, adverbs, verbs, articles, etc... There are ANGLO-SAXON WORDS and GREEK & LATIN-ROOT WORDS: Anglo-Saxon words comprise 70% of our... -
Answered a Question in The Guest
With few exceptions, an existentialist asserts that an individual is determined from within, not from outside forces. On the human and literary level what makes existentialists and their heroes... -
Answered a Question in Frankenstein
Near the end of Chapter 16 of Frankenstein, the Monster tells Victor: "The sleeper stirred; a thrill of terror ran through me. Should she indeed awake, and see me, and curse me, and denounce the... -
Answered a Question in The Things They Carried
In the Things They Carried, the thing Tim carries most is memory. Cross says to his friend: 'You writer types,' he said, 'you've got long memories.' Ever since Linda's death, when he was... -
Answered a Question in Frankenstein
In Mary Shelly's Frankenstein, the author uses the following archetypal relationships to juxtapose Victor and the Monster: Doppelganger: The Monster is a doppelganger, or ghostly twin, of...
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