Susana Scanlon
eNotes Educator
Achievements
8
Educator Level
799
Answers Posted
14
Answers Bonused
About
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History Whiz
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Recent Activity
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Answered a Question in Social Sciences
The most serious challenge to India's security is Pakistan. India and Pakistan were created at the same time—in 1947—when Great Britain relinquished its vast empire in southern Asia. Although the... -
Answered a Question in Law and Politics
One perennial issue is America's relationship with Israel. Washington has traditionally had a pro-Israeli foreign policy, but this has greatly intensified under the Trump administration. For... -
Answered a Question in History
Communism fell peacefully in all of the countries of Eastern Europe—except Romania. In Romania, a dictator had to be overthrown and executed. But all of the other Communist-led governments, Poland,... -
Answered a Question in History
In 1960, Cold War tensions were very high. By 1985, the relationship between the two superpowers was much improved. The relationship changed as events unfolded and new leaders took over in... -
Answered a Question in Abraham Lincoln's Presidency
The most fundamental similarity between the Reconstruction plans of Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson was their common insistence on the primacy of presidential power. Both men believed that the... -
Answered a Question in History
Hurricane Katrina, which took place in August 2005, was the most important event during George W. Bush's second term as president of the United States. His first term had been dominated by 9/11,... -
Answered a Question in History
The decade preceding the presidential election of 1860 had been extremely contentious. The acquisition of huge territories from Mexico had unleashed bitter debate between the North and the South... -
Answered a Question in World War II
The geographical scope of World War II was unlike any war that had preceded it. World War II included combat in North Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, and in the oceans of the world. There was also... -
Answered a Question in History
Rudyard Kipling, a British author, wrote a poem about imperialism in 1899: "The White Man's Burden" was a justification for the American takeover of the Philippines in particular and imperialism in... -
Answered a Question in History
The United States was heavily involved in Vietnam for many years before the Gulf of Tonkin Incident of 1964. America's role in Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia) began in earnest after the end... -
Answered a Question in History
France and Great Britain had been hostile to the Soviet Union since its inception. The Anglo-French aided the Whites during the civil war in Russia (1918–1920). British and French troops actually... -
Answered a Question in History
The Civil War (1861–1865) became unavoidable after the first state, South Carolina, seceded from the Union in late 1860. Six other states quickly followed South Carolina's example. There was no... -
Answered a Question in History
About 333,000 troops—mostly British—were evacuated from Dunkirk in mid-1940. It was a minor success for Great Britain after a disastrous campaign in France. The soldiers' tanks and heavy equipment... -
Answered a Question in History
The Cold War saw America completely abandon isolationism. The United States had been isolationist in the decade preceding World War II (1939–1945). During the decades following WWII, however, the... -
Answered a Question in Secession and Civil War
The geographical vastness of the South gave it some advantages. These benefited the South for the war both on land and at sea. The South's large size gave it leverage. The South was able to trade... -
Answered a Question in History
The War of 1812 was a strange conflict because it did not settle any of the issues over which it had supposedly been fought. In addition, many Americans did not support the war—especially those in... -
Answered a Question in History
Simon Bolivar was the most important military and political leader of Latin American independence. As a military commander, Bolivar was at least equal to George Washington. But Bolivar failed as a... -
Answered a Question in History
The Vietnam War (1957–1975) was the primary foreign policy challenge for both presidents. Johnson led the United States directly into the war in 1964, with the beginning of air raids, and escalated... -
Answered a Question in History
The compromises made before the Civil War (1861–1865) did not ameliorate the growing tensions between the North and the South. The main area of contention was slavery. It existed in the South, and... -
Answered a Question in History
After the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 from France doubled the size of the United States, additional territories coveted by America were largely controlled by Spain. Florida was acquired from Spain... -
Answered a Question in Foreign Policy
The last two decades of the twentieth century encompassed the administrations of Ronald Reagan (1981–1989), George H.W. Bush (1989–1993), and Bill Clinton (1993–2001). Reagan was president during... -
Answered a Question in Law and Politics
Because the United States has always been a strong ally of Israel, an Iranian nuclear threat could involve Washington in any war between Tehran and Tel Aviv. In fact, the importance of defending... -
Answered a Question in History
The terrorists who emerged as America's enemies during the War on Terror were created during the Soviet-Afghan War. After the Soviets invaded Afghanistan in 1979, the United States armed and aided... -
Answered a Question in History
The Vietnam War (1965–1973) dragged on throughout the late sixties and early seventies. It was a long, costly, and divisive conflict. There were numerous protests in the streets, and some... -
Answered a Question in Law and Politics
There are multiple opinions on the issue, but I believe that the Golan Heights should be returned to Syria. If it is not returned, lasting peace between Israel and Syria is highly improbable. The... -
Answered a Question in History
The American decision to use atomic weapons against Japan was among the most controversial of World War II. Their use on two Japanese cities remains unique as the only occasion when nuclear weapons... -
Answered a Question in The Cold War
Proxy wars between the United States and the Soviet Union were frequent during the Cold War. Both sides eagerly tried to expand their influence and ideology around the globe. They supported... -
Answered a Question in History
The United States entered World War I in 1917. But it was not prepared for war. Its army had only about 130,000 soldiers. Because of the country's unpreparedness, it was not able to send enough... -
Answered a Question in The Cold War
In 1945, Adolf Hitler committed suicide and Nazi Germany surrendered to the Allies. The Allies—the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and the Soviet Union—occupied the defeated nation.... -
Answered a Question in History
Overpopulation is a serious problem in much of the world, and it has had numerous detrimental impacts. However, some areas—especially poorer ones—are much more affected than others. For example,... -
Answered a Question in History
The Nuremberg Trials at the end of World War II were an important event for international human rights during warfare. Many of the leading Nazis were put on trial and most were found guilty of... -
Answered a Question in History
Hitler tried and failed to seize power in Germany during the Beer Hall Putsch, a short-lived revolt against the German government. Germany suffered from chaotic political and economic conditions... -
Answered a Question in History
President Eisenhower brought the Korean War (1950–1953) to a conclusion soon after his inauguration in 1953. That war did not end because of Eisenhower's supposed desire to end the Cold War,... -
Answered a Question in Reference
Globalization probably cannot be reversed. The coronavirus pandemic has caused some analysts to argue that the health crisis will damage or destroy globalization. But I do not think that will... -
Answered a Question in Research Starters
With the United States as Australia's security guarantor since World War II, Australia was shielded against foreign aggression during the Cold War. America became Australia's protector because the... -
Answered a Question in History
There were three reasons why dropping the bomb against Japan was not a military necessity: Soviet involvement in the war, American air superiority, and Japan's lack of air and naval forces by... -
Answered a Question in History
Islam was founded by Mohammed in what is now Saudi Arabia. At the time of Mohammed's death in 632, much of the Arabian Peninsula was already under Muslim rule. By 661, a mere three decades after... -
Answered a Question in History
Australia has been aligned with the United States since World War II. Prior to that, it had been closely linked with Great Britain. However, during World War II and after the fall of Singapore to... -
Answered a Question in History
Chief Joseph was the leader of the Nez Perce tribe of Indians. The term "nez perce" is French for "pierced nose," but Joseph's people did not pierce their noses. Joseph became the leader of his... -
Answered a Question in History
The Continental Army was the main colonial force during the Revolutionary War (1775–1783). It was led by George Washington. The initial battles of the war against the British—at Lexington and... -
Answered a Question in History
As a term, Manifest Destiny was first used by a magazine editor in 1845. In 1844, James K. Polk was elected to the presidency. He was the personification of Manifest Destiny, and he sought to... -
Answered a Question in Railroads and Conflict in the West
The Native Americans fought European settlers for hundreds of years, but most of those battles have been largely forgotten. The Battle of the Little Big Horn (June 25, 1876) is remembered because... -
Answered a Question in World War II
The attack on Pearl Harbor had a momentous impact on the course of World War II (1939–1945). By the time of the attack in December 1941, the war had been going on for more than two years in Europe... -
Answered a Question in Aftermath and Impacts of the Civil War
The Civil War (1861–1865) was, in many respects, the first modern war. Modern warfare is fueled by strong economies, but that of the agricultural South was found lacking. Although the South's... -
Answered a Question in Religion
Religious intolerance has existed throughout history, and it still thrives today in many parts of the world. The idea that individuals have a right to practice their religion freely is a relatively... -
Answered a Question in Cold War (1945–91)
The United States did not support independence movements after World War II (1939–1945) for several reasons. First, the Cold War dominated Washington's foreign policy planning. Several of America's... -
Answered a Question in The Cold War
Berlin was a focal point of the Cold War, and one could even argue that the Cold War started and ended in Berlin. Berlin had been the capital of Nazi Germany before it was captured by the Soviets... -
Answered a Question in History
The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 altered the course of World War II (1939–1945). US actions helped cause the attack, but I would give it a 3. The US and the UK had frozen... -
Answered a Question in History
The Panama Canal brought myriad benefits to the United States in the twentieth century. These benefits enhanced the prestige, commerce, and national security of the United States. The completion of... -
Answered a Question in The French Revolution
Late eighteenth-century France was, in retrospect, a nation ripe for revolution. In some respects, it was still feudal. Its leader, King Louis XVI, was indecisive. The French Revolution, which...
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