I'm assuming you mean the American Temperance movement of the 19th and 20th centuries.  Temperance arose as a social issue because drinking was so widespread and socially destructive at the time, much more so than now even.

The Women's Christian Temperance Union formed in the early 1800s, with a number of people directly involved in the movement.  Mary Hunt was involved with a national education effort.  Lucy Webb Hayes and Susan B. Anthony, though she was a suffragist, were also involved in the movement.

Later the Anti-Saloon League formed and joined forces with the WCTU, including such notables as Carrie Nation.

According to the BBC news, there were several key figures in the Temperance Movement were:

1. Theobald Matthew who was a Catholic Irish priest who begged the people of Ireland to sign the petition.

2.The Quakers

3. The Salvation Army

4. The House of Commons (the Quakers and Salvation Army influenced the House of Commons to regulate or restrict the sale of spirits)

Hope this helps!