The Book People are a group of social dissenters who live outside the boundaries of the city and its mechanical hounds. They live in the wilderness, by a river. They have all dedicated themselves to memorizing books. This way, they can't be arrested for owning books. Also, even if all books are burned, their contents won't be lost to humanity.

The Book People are organized by Granger, and he introduces them not by their names but by the author of the books they have memorized. Granger impresses upon Montag the importance of preserving the knowledge in books so that it will be available when the society that is now in place collapses. That process of collapse is beginning as Montag joins the group: a nuclear attack destroys the city Montag has just fled. Granger explains that the Book People will now have to join the process of rebuilding the society, hopefully on more solid foundation, by using the wisdom of the past as a guide. He assures Montag that no matter how many times humans get it wrong, they will keep rising up like a phoenix, a well-known literary symbol of rebirth and rebuilding.

The Book People society is a revelation to Montag, for it is unlike any world he has ever known. Even a detail like using a fire for warmth, as the Book People do, is something he has never experienced.

The "Book People" are a group of old intellectuals Montag finds in the outskirts of the city hiding out in the wilderness. They are professors, authors, and clergymen who are in hiding to avoid being imprisoned. They have dedicated their lives to the preservation of the knowledge Montag's world seeks to destroy. Remarkably, they can memorize entire works of literature so they do not have to risk arrest for actually having books. According to their leader, Granger, they hope the knowledge can be reintroduced to the world when it is ready.

The Book People have a profound impact on Montag. He finally feels that he is a part of something important and understands the importance of books and learning. He memorizes a book of the Bible and starts to work alongside the Book People. He understands that by blocking people from reading books, learning, and experiencing emotions, they are being robbed of essential life experiences. He feels books might be the key to helping him understand what is wrong with his society and give him the knowledge he needs to change it. Indeed, at the close of the novel, we see Montag and the Book People walking towards the city, which had been destroyed, indicating that they will work to rebuild a new society.

The Book People are a group of traveling intellectuals who reside on the outskirts of Bradbury's dystopian city and who dedicate their lives to remembering complete works of literature in order to preserve valuable knowledge for future generations. They were essentially forced to remember complete works of literature to avoid being arrested, since possessing books is illegal.

After Montag flees the dystopian city and travels down the river, he meets Granger and his group of transient intellectuals, who travel up and down the railroad tracks avoiding the authorities and taking care of other outcast scholars. Granger explains to Montag that they have developed a system that allows them to commit complete works of literature to memory. Granger also calls his fellow intellectuals nothing more than "dust-jackets for books" and tells Montag that they plan on one day writing down and spreading their preserved knowledge in books once the dystopian city is destroyed.

Montag joins the Book People and commits two books of the Bible to memory. At the end of the novel, Montag and his fellow intellectuals walk towards the destroyed city with plans of rebuilding a literate society.

The authorities in this bibliophobic dystopia can destroy books, but what they cannot destroy is people's memories of books. Hence the importance of The Book People. They act as transmitters of knowledge, a vital link in a chain between the past and the future. Without them, humankind's great repository of wisdom would be lost forever, and there would be no foundations on which to build the new society once the present tyranny has been overthrown.

Memory is subversive as it allows individuals to gain access to an alternative picture of reality to the one presented in the trash TV and brainless advertising jingles constantly served up by the government to its citizens. The government wants to convey the message that history begins and ends with them and that the propaganda they push is the only truth—the only reality. The Book People, with their encyclopedic memories, represent a standing challenge to this false picture.

The Book People are people who preserve books for future societies by memorizing them.

When Montag first reads a book, he is impressed.  Books seem much more real than the television that most people spend their time with.  He seeks out Faber, an ex-English professor, and they plot to frame the firemen by planting books in their houses. 

Faber is one of the book people.  He and the rest of the group do not necessary all gather in one place together.  They are spread out.  Each one memorizes a book in order to protect it until the world is safe for books again.

Montag realizes this when he meets some of the book people after escaping.  Since he attempted to memorize the Book of Ecclesiastes, he becomes the backup.

"Montag." Granger took Montag's shoulder firmly. "Walk carefully. Guard your health.

If anything should happen to Harris, you are the Book of Ecclesiastes. See how important you've become in the last minute!" (Part 3)

It is a brave new world for Montag.  He is able to be a part of something that matters.  When the city is destroyed in the bombings of the oft-ignored war, he and the other book people head there to pick up the pieces and try to rebuild civilization.