The function of ribosomes, which are components of cells, is to make protein, and their structure allows them to do this. Ribosomes take in amino acids, read mRNA, and assemble (or synthesize) the amino acids into a protein chain with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA). The protein is then available for use by the cell itself or by another part of the body.

Ribosomes have two distinct parts that work together to form the proteins. The smaller subunit of each ribosome reads or scans the mRNA, which slides between it and the larger subunit. The tRNA in the larger subunit decodes the instructions in the mRNA, and the protein chain is assembled in the larger subunit as the amino acids are arranged according to the code in the mRNA. When the process is complete, the two subunits separate to release the mRNA until it is time to make another protein chain.

We can see, then, that ribosomes are perfectly designed to complete their function in the most efficient way, as each subunit performs its tasks so that the protein chain can emerge and be used by the body as needed.