John Locke was one of the most prominent English philosophers and theorists of the 17th century; he was called the Father of the Enlightenment and was regarded as one of the most important figures of classical liberalism and British empiricism. He believed that all humans are entitled to the natural rights of life, liberty, property, and the pursuit of happiness. He also believed that there is a clear distinction between the people and the monarchs, and he argued that if the people are displeased by the way the monarch governs, they could easily overthrow him/her, as no leader should have that kind of absolute power. He believed that people are essentially good and kind, but he also believed that they are allowed to be selfish should they choose to be, as long as they don't break the law. He was also a firm believer in the principles of equality and fairness.