The 5E Inquiry Instructional Model is based on the idea that learners scaffold their learning on prior knowledge. This method includes the following components: engage, explore, explain, elaborate, and evaluate. The 5E Inquiry Instructional Model is most effective in courses such as science where students can explore materials and investigate. It is a comprehensive way to reinforce learning and includes hands-on experiences which research shows to be highly effective for retention of information.

However, this method does have some limitations and challenges. Students will need time to follow the process. This is not a method that can be completed quickly in a one-day activity. The teacher will also need to make sure all students have a strong understanding of the foundational knowledge. This method will involve significant time for the teacher to plan. Depending on the topic studied, this method may require additional materials for students to use during the explore stage. Some subjects and topics may not lend themselves well to this type of instructional model.