Each of these three men was an ancient Greek playwright. Euripides and Aeschylus were both famous for their tragedies—along with Sophocles, they were the most important tragedians in Greek drama. Aristophanes, on the other hand, was a comic playwright. His works, such as Lysistrata, The Birds, and The Wasps, were full of satire and humor, deployed to make a political point or to comment generally on the human condition. In Lysistrata, for example, the women of Athens, at war with Sparta, refuse to have sex with their husbands until they bring the war to an end. Like Aristophanes, Euripides and Aeschylus had much to say about the human condition, but they did so through tragedies, which dealt with such weighty issues as fate, free will, and the destructive power of hubris. Each of these playwrights composed their works to be performed at public festivals, and each generally had the same features, especially the use of a chorus to advance and explain the plot.
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