Use the prefix mono (one) and di (two) to help you remember the differences between these two flowering plant types.

Flowering Plants are separated into two distinct groups, although there is some gray areas with certain plants.

Monocots produce one leaf from the seed after germinating; dicots produce 2

Monocots produce parallel leaf veins; dicots produce a net-like display of veins.

The differences continue and become more scientific.  Try the link below from Wikipedia to begin with if you need more information.

There are several differences between monocots and dicots, here are three big ones.  The main one (that gave rise to the names) is that monocots have seeds that are one piece (like corn), while dicot seeds can be easily split in half (like peas). Other differences include that monocots have flower parts (like petals) in multiple of threes while dicots usually have them in multiples of 4 or 5.  In terms of the leaves, monocots exhibit parallel veins while dicots have reticulated (net-like) veins.   

Discuss several differences between monocots and dicots and name a few dicots.

Monocots and eudicots (also known as dicots) are two major classes of flowering plants, with monocots producing grains (Corn, wheat, etc.) and eudicots producing fruits and vegetables. The major difference between monocots and eudicots is in their seed structure: monocots have seeds with one cotyledons (hence the name 'mono'), while eudicots have seeds with two cotyledons. In simpler terms, the seeds of monocots have one fruit, while those of eudicots have two. The monocot seed, upon germination, will only result in one shoot, while that of eudicot will result in a shoot that will split into two branches. The nutrient storage portion of seed, the endosperm, is separate from the monocod cotyledon; while in the case of eudicots, endosperm is absorbed into the cotyledon and is not a separate entity in a mature seed. 

Hope this helps.

Discuss several differences between monocots and dicots and name a few dicots.

Monocotyledon and dicotyledons are examples of cotyledons which is the embryonic leaf in for the seed-bearing plants. To differentiate the two kinds of cotyledons, it would be better if to define them. Monocot has single cotyledons in the embryo, dicot has two. Monocot has single pore, dicot has three pore in the pollen grain. The flowers that monocot plants produce formed in multiples of three while that of dicot plats forms a multiple of four or five. The major leaf veins of monocot plants are parallel; the dicot plants have reticulated major leaf veins. Monocots have scattered vascular bundles, dicot has ringed vascular bundles. Roots of monocots are adventitious while the dicot forms from the radicle. Dicots do secondary growth while monocots don’t. Examples of monocots are bamboo, orchid, and palm while examples of dicots are rose, oak and pea. 

What are the differences between monocot and dicot leaves?  

Monocot leaves have one cotyledon. A cotyledon is an embryonic leaf in seed bearing plants. Another characteristic is the veins in the leaves run parallel to each other. Vascular bundles are usually complexly arranged. This means the vascular bundles are scattered throughout the stem. A fibrous root system is present in a monocot. A fibrous root is formed by thin, moderately branching roots growing from the stem. Lastly, flower petals usually occur in multiples of three.

Dicot leaves have two cotyledons. The veins in a leaf are usually net-like. There is a main vein going down the middle of the leaf where smaller veins branch off from. Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring. A taproot is usually present in a dicot. A taproot is a system of roots where the main root (taproot) is the largest root growing from the stem with little branching. Lastly, flower petals appear in multiples of four or five.