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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Strength-based approaches have been shown to offer numerous advantages. Because they focus on the individual and emphasize their strength and self-determination, such approaches build on the...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
One of the most common ways mindfulness—defined as concentrating one's attention to one's physical and emotional experiences at the present moment—is taught youth and adults alike is through...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Your question sounds more like it belongs in the psychology group because many theories have been advanced regarding such human behavior. There are documented physiological changes that occur when...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
This is a fascinating question. Recently a lot of scholars from all disciplines have been working on this topic - philosophy, history, and psychology. Here are some thoughts on each of these...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
This is an important question, because people are complex. In other words, there is not only one way to help people. Hence, the assumptions of classical conditioning can be very reductionistic in...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Attribution (in psychology) is a term which denotes how individuals explain behavior, their own and the behavior of others. Attribution can be internal (causes are from within, personality or...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, created psychoanalysis and founded clinical psychiatry as we know it today. His theories have been challenged and changed but remain the base of modern...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Memories serve a very important function in our lives. To examine the importance of memories though, one must understand their functions in different capacities. First, memories are important in...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
When we think of psychosocial development and psychosocial tasks, we usually think of Erikson and his stages of psychosocial development. In this theory, human development is defined as going...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
The traditional Pavlovian classical conditioning teaches us that a response can be achieved by association. In humans, it means that a person can achieve a behavior, or respond to a situation in a...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Short-term and long-term memory can be influenced by both internal and external factors. The time and place where the memory occurred can have an impact on its formation. Internal factors...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
While psychology is generally considered a “soft science” (meaning not provable by scientific means or physical laws), educational psychology has produced many years of data through...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Application of Rank's The Myth of the Birth of the Hero most directly relates to child and family therapy. In his studies, Rank looked at the qualities and similarities of well known literary and...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Patience and tolerance initially appear to be relatively similar; however, upon closer examination, they are actually quite different experiences. According to some psychologists, patience and...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Cognition--from which "cognitive task" derives, is the scientific term that essentially means "the process of thought." Cognitive tasks therefore, are the actions which help define cognitive...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
"Sound" refers to a type of wave that emits from particles when they vibrate. Humans can hear only a certain range. What you hear at any given moment depends on how your brain decides to process...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Dementia involves symptoms of loss of brain function, including memory, as well as distortions in personality that are out of character. Patients may also lose the ability to perform basic motor...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
According to humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow, all individuals strive to become self-actualized, or reach their fullest potential; however, in order to do so, a series of needs must first be...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
A schema (plural schemata) is any pattern of thought, idea, or habit that exists in a structured form (Wikipedia). Constructive processing is the conscious examination and absorption of outside...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Clinical and counseling psychology both require similar graduate level training, which includes academic coursework in all of the major areas of psychology (developmental, psychopathology, social,...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
In simple terminology: Engulfment is the feeling of being trapped and washed away by the ideas of others. You could feel engulfed, for example, when you are part of a very pushy family or society...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
All three of these terms relate to the perception of stimulus. I can't give you original examples based on your experiences, of course, but I can think of a few common ones and you can add your...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
The developmental theories of Piaget and Vygotsky are not only different in nature, but different in approach, and you are right in that they are difficult to compare. The best way to approach the...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Gestalt principals have to do with what is known as "visual perception." It's how people view visual information and organize what they see. Gestalt, in German, means form or shape. By nature of...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
The classical conditioning theory was proposed by Ivan Pavlov in the early part of the 20th century. The gist of the theory is that behavior can be learned by instinct with the application of a...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
"Schema" is usually used to mean any cohesive thought or behavioral pattern. Any collected or organized group of ideas, habits, or knowledge can be classified as a schema (Wikipedia). New knowledge...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
I think that it is extremely important to understand the psychological development of an individual. I think that one does not go far in the field of psychology without examining the experiences...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
The theory of operant conditioning is defined as an approach used in behavioral sciences with the purpose of creating or extinguishing a behavior based on the application or retention of stimuli....
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
The Russian Scientist, Pavlov, demonstrated “conditioning” of dogs in an experiment involving exposure of the dogs to meat powder (the unconditional stimulus, or UCS), resulting in salivation...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Psychology is the science behind or the study of the mind and behavior. One of the main goals of applied psychology is to benefit society. A huge component of psychology is the drawing of...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Beginning at the base of Maslow's pyramid, the first type of need is physiological needs. These are the obvious things, like food, water, and sleep that we need in order to survive. After we have...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Positive reinforcement is something that parents use all the time with children. This can be something as simple as praising your child when he or she acts in the way you want. So, if you want...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Since its introduction in the 1940s, "Person Centered Theory" in counseling and therapy has been utilized in many more current therapeutic practices. Generally speaking, Person Centered Theory...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Stress is caused when your body thinks it is in harm’s way. Originally and in nature, this meant physical nature. Stress can now be caused by all kinds of non-life-threatening pressures. Our...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Ivan Pavlov defined Classical Conditioning in 1927. Pavlov used dogs as subjects and exposed them to a neutral stimulus (in this case a ringing bell) followed by an unconditional stimulus (meat...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Unfortunately, I can answer this from experience. My children were 4 and 6 at the time of my divorce. Prior to my divorce, the stress both I and their father were feeling was quite overwhelming....
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Archeypes are stock characters that have existed as long as humans have been telling stories. The most common archetypes are the hero and the villain. Most specifically, the callow youth hero and...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
In 1992 Costa and McCrea published their Five Factor Model (FFM) or so called “Big 5” broad categories or dimensions of personality types. The authors sought to explain certain academic...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
This is a great question and you are right that our memories are not passive but very active. Many scholars from different field have been working on this topic. Here are two examples of how our...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Your question is a bit hard to understand. It would be helpful to know what you want to study. Without that piece of knowledge, all I can do is offer you some suggestions of possible experiments of...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Psychotherapy is a spoken therapy, used by individual therapists or sometimes in group therapy designed to increase or improve the mental health of a patient by working on weaknesses or practicing...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Cognition can be defined as the mental ability or a set of mental processes that are involved in thinking, reasoning, perception, comprehension, making judgments and decisions, etc. In simplest...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Given the scope of such a question, I imagine answers could be across the board, so I will try to narrow mine to a field of psychology with which I believe I have immediate personal and...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
A fun fact about psychology? Here's one: Did you know that in the 17th century, doctors believed that hysteria, or hysterical actions, were caused by "disturbances" in a woman's uterus? The word...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Vygotsky's theories are easily applicable in elementary school. Think, for example, of the "zone of proximate development (ZPD)." A child who is not yet able to identify symbols as representing...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Existential Psychology Existential Psychology is a contemporary approach that was popularized by Dr. Irvin Yalom. Existential psychology is based upon the premise that all psychological inquiries...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
The passive- aggressive personality is intricate, and extends into many different domains. Shame can be a part of this personality. Perhaps, the shame, or embarassment, at not being successful at...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Violence among children and adolescents is often analyzed under the two main currents of psychology: Cognitive and behavioral. The cognitive branch of psychology studies the biological and...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
These three types of mental illness are different in both symptoms and known causes. Schizophrenia has genetic precursors, and is neither trauma or chemically induced. The schizophrenic has...
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Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
To know what this says about her score, we first have to understand a couple of statistical terms. First of all, mean in the average score. Standard deviations are set marks that are based around...