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Logic
This argument is valid. The fact that it is valid, however, does not necessarily mean that it is true. A syllogism (which this argument is) is valid when its conclusion must be true if both...
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Logic
First, one should avoid logical fallacies in any argument or defense of a stance. When analyzing literature, the first important logical decision is to separate fact from fiction, to remind...
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Logic
Inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning are similar in that they are two logical approaches to exploring data and to drawing conclusions. They differ in that they approach logical, research,...
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Logic
The most likely answer is that this is an example of A, an ad hominem attack. This is because the argument does not offer any proof of what it is saying. It just denounces the characteristics of...
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Logic
There are several premises in this logical progression which could alter it in a very profound manner. There are two premises which stick out to me as being needed for this logical...
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Social Sciences
The study of psychology gives a more sophisticated view of why people do what they do. The layman simply dismisses motive in judging human behavior, but the person trained in psychology has...
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Logic
We professors will help you all we can, but the most effective way to approach this is to submit each heading separately as a new question. (Also, not to panic!) I will start and help you with the...
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Logic
Symbolic logic typically makes use of the lower case letters p, q, r, s, and t to represent statements. Various symbols are then used to related these symbols or statements. We want to translate a...
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Math
I did not see that a student had posted a response before I started typing my answer (after having taken the time to solve the problem)! I always enjoy these mental spatial arrangement games. The...
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Logic
The human mind builds “structures” to make sense of the information coming in though the senses. One of these is the idea of dimensions, space locators to describe or otherwise deal with the...
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Logic
These two avenues to logical conclusions differ in specific ways. Deductive (de: from; ductive: drawn) gets to a conclusion by moving from known data to new data: inductive (in: toward; ductive:...
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Logic
There is no error in sentence three. The last sentence is only true, if sentences one and two are true. To put it another way, if sentence three happened, then it was the logical outcome of the...
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Math
From a purely specuative position and imposing a restriction that `E=1` and `G=2` , the pattern would or could be followed by 5; therefore option 1. If E = 1 and G=2 then ` E E E;E G G;G;E G;...`...
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Logic
Logic is the process of reasoning from a known or given to a concluding truth; it is closely aligned with rhetoric, in that an argument usually is designed to convince or to sway by means of...
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Logic
An enthymeme is a curtailed or truncated syllogism the major or minor term of which is implied, therefore omitted. The enthymeme [has] either the major or minor premise ... left implied. (Silva...
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Logic
To understand the answer to this, you must first understand the difference between enthymeme and syllogism. One is the full form of a categorical proposition argument while the other is a shortened...
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Logic
In philosophy, the term "modal" is often used to refer to modal logic. Traditional syllogistic logic focused, for the most part, on things which were certain and happened all of the time. This is...
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Logic
Imagine the statement: "I think that a racoon got into my neighbor's garbage last night." Assume I am making the statement based on the spilled garbage on her driveway, my knowledge of the behavior...
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Logic
A deductive argument is one that takes general concepts and relates them to a specific case. For example, we know that all human beings are mammals. We know that I am a human being. Therefore,...
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Logic
An inductive logic has a system of evidential support that extends deductive logic to less-than-certain inferences. For valid deductive arguments the premises logically entail the conclusion, where...
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Logic
Logical thinking is the ability for a person to make calculations, reasoned arguments, and operations which can be applied to a number of practices and phenomena in everyday experience. The...
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Logic
Human reasoning works two ways, one by induction and one by deduction. Induction starts from particulars and moves to general claims and deduction starts with general principles and moves to...
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Logic
Although the Greeks, as people today, used deductive reasoning informally in many different ways to apply general principles to specific circumstances, the more technical treatments of deductive...
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Logic
The most important sentence of the problem statement is: One had green eyes, another had purple ears, another had red teeth, and another had white hair. There are four trolls and four attributes...
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Logic
In order to write arguments in the forms of modus ponens and modus tollens, it's important to understand the formal differences between the modes. The modus ponens "affirms by affirming". In other...
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Logic
Logical thinking is just one of the capabilities of the human mind. John Keats as part of his explanation of Romantic poetry, coined the phrase "negative capabilities" to describe the mind's...
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Logic
Logic can do very little for us in this debate. This is because most of the major issues in this debate have to do with things that cannot be proven right or wrong through logic. This debate...
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Logic
There are two aspects to determining whether an argument is correct. The first is called "material truth" and the second "logical validity". A statement is materially true if it corresponds with...
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Logic
Because logic deals not with facts per se, but relationships among propositions, it cannot be used to analyze simple assertions. For example, if you state "the moon is made of green cheese", you...
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Logic
When one asks whether statements in the form "he said X" are facts or inferences, one is actually asking about two different statements, one being a claim that someone said a certain thing and the...
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Logic
The main problem with trying to compare "fact" and "inference" is that it is an odd pairing. Logicians or communication theorists distinguish between "premises" and "inferences", where a premise is...
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Logic
You got an A in physics when you bought a new car-the car caused your A. This is an example of Post hoc, ergo propter. This logical fallacy makes the assumption that because Event B follows Event...
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Logic
Inductive argument, in which you make conclusions based on some observations and then “induce” the results of other facts, is a logical tool used by science every day. The problems with your...
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Logic
This is a variant on what is normally framed as the paradox of the village barber who shaves all men who do not shave themselves. The paradox has historically been used as an argument for the...
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Logic
Decision-making, a complex mental process involving many elements—the gathering of data, the weighing of the legitimacy and validity of the information, determining if more information is needed,...
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Logic
Truth in argument has two components, material truth or accuracy (correspondence with some external state of affairs) and formal validity (correct logical relationships among parts of an argument)....
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argument
Besides avoiding false logic (ad hoc, undistributed middle, and the like), the evidence and examples and logical order of a person’s argument should match the seriousness or “loftiness” of...
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Guide to Literary Terms
Prudence is the virtue of using reason and logic over emotional response. While the word is most often connected with actions driven by lust or desire over reasonable decision-making, it can also...
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Logic
The main limitation of formal logic is that it applies to matters which are either true or false, and which can be known, at least in theory, with some degree of certainty. These are not, however,...
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Logic
Inductive reasoning is connected to the idea of leading because, in inductive reasoning, observations lead to conclusions. When we use inductive reasoning, we take facts that we have observed and...
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Logic
Chains of logic or reasoning can have two types of problems. they can be materially incorrect (have the facts wrong) or they can be logically invalid (the conclusions do not follow from the...
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Logic
An inductive argument is one that starts with one specific case and tries to generalize from there. This is in contrast to a deductive argument in which a person starts with a general rule and...
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Logic
A deductive argument is one that starts with general premises and moves to specific conclusion. It is generally formed by positing that something true of a class must be true of all individuals...
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Logic
The Greek Philosophers did a good job of classifying and clarifying the way we use our brains. Logic is, etymologically, connected with how we use words (logos), and fallacies (falsehoods) can be...
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Logic
The main part of this debate that cannot be decided by logical analysis is the part about what is and is not desirable. We can logically discuss the extent to which prayer in school would violate...
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Logic
Here's how to figure this out. Earth is a planet. Mars is another planet. So the relationship between them is that they are two examples of the same basic kind of thing. So then you ask "what is...
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Logic
Logical arguments generally take the form of an "if-then" statement or a series of such arguments. These statements have a clause that typically begins with the word "if" and a second clause that...
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Logic
In logic, a counterexample is simply an example that proves the conclusion made in a statement to be false. In the statement you have provided, the hypothesis is "if an animal has four legs" and...