The 13th Amendment was very effective.  The other two were not very effective at all, at least not for about 90 years after they were ratified.

The 13th Amendment abolished slavery.  Since there was little opposition to this and since it was easy to enforce, it was very effective.  Slavery was effectively ended by the Civil War and by that amendment.

The 14th Amendment gave blacks equal rights and the 15th guaranteed them the right to vote.  These amendments were hardly adhered to in any way.  "Jim Crow" laws circumvented the 14th Amendment while things like literacy tests, poll taxes, and the "white primary" prevented blacks from voting.  It was not until the Civil Rights Movement that these amendments became effective in any real way.