How can I know the melting point and the boiling point of an element? like, the further the outermost electron is far from the nucleus the more reactivity

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A very simple way is to search the internet and find listings of elements according to melting point, as there are also listings of them by boiling point as well.  Some of the elements are actually not well enough known to have a listed melting point.  If you don't have access to that information, you can get a relatively close idea of an element's melting or boiling point by knowing which group of elements it is in as many of them have similar transition points on a temperature scale.

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