This is rather a broad task; however, two novels that immediately come to mind are Slaughterhouse Five by Kurt Vonnegut and Catch 22 by Joseph Heller.  These novels convey a sense of the unimaginable destruction caused by the war, and this destructive quality exemplifies itself in the novels in their use of time sequences -- neither is a linear progression as found in traditional literature; rather, the conveyance of the sense of destruction is so complete that even traditional literary forms used to tell a story are broken -- Vonnegut's character Billy Pilgrim jumps back and forth through time and place; Heller's character Yossarian endures a world of cyclical events (note how may plot lines in the novel happen twice) from which he cannot escape.  "The Destruction of Structure" may be a theme that runs through much of post war American literature.