Business

I agree with number 6. To be an effective manager don't we also have to be a leader? I don't think you can manage people without being a leader. I think the two go hand in hand.

I think some of my best managers were good leaders.  It is certainly possible to strike a balance between many of the contrasting ideas you listed above.  As with most things, the ideas you shared exist on a type of sliding scale.  In the real world, these ideas aren't as black and white as they appear on paper.  For instance, the idea of efficiency is definitely a matter of opinion.  A good manager will lead his team to be more efficient without pushing them past their limit.  On  paper, it might seem that he could extract more from his group, but pushing a team past what they are willing to do is less efficient.  Training new employees is a huge waste of resources.  Time and money are much better spent in keeping current team members.  There are many situations where a good manager is also a good leader.

Perhaps these skills should be thought of as a Venn diagram, with some differences, but with a considerable amount of overlap, too.  A manager manages resources, and people are resources that need to be managed, which implies some leadership, certainly.  To the degree they are different, the differences are largely situational, with our management or leadership skills evoked, we hope, in varying contexts, as needed. 

By definition, managers "manage" something, which means they are striving to reach a goal of some sort. They aren't doing it by themselves, or they wouldn't be managing anything. If other people are involved in reaching a goal, then leadership is involved. Managers reach their goals by leading others.

Yes, managers need to be good leaders.  Management is one of the biggest factors in a successful workplace.  Bad management or mismanagement leads to bad decisions and low morale.  Management made up of good leaders leads to employee satisfaction and high morale.  People do not like chaos in the workplace.  The boss has to be someone with vision, and someone that others are willing to follow.

You may be correct if you're talking about a massive firm like Apple (to follow the example of Steve Jobs). I agree that providing vision and dealing with the day to day nuts and bolts of running such a massive entity may be two separate skill sets. But most businesses aren't that big, and the people in charge of them have to figure out how best to balance some of the apparently mutually exclusive aspects of leadership and management that you list.

I would disagree with your proposal that management and leadership need to be separated.

While I understand your point that there are different approaches and viewpoints represented by the two roles, I think that a truly effective leader has to be capable of managing many aspects of the activities going on under his/her leadership. In the same way, I suspect that the most successful managers are also leaders involved along with those they are managing.