The hero in each of these stories is distinct individualist and dedicated to the pursuit of individuality. While self-knowledge is not part of this pursuit, self-expression and "integrity of being" certainly are. 

Notably, these works also feature very specific atmospheres which help to make the world of the narrative into a micro-world, so to speak, which might be taken as symbolic of the macro-world (e.g., the real world). The stories take place on an island, in a mental ward, and within a highly specified professional sphere (architecture). 

You have accurately identified the thematic similarities expressed through the protagonists of the novel. We migth also point to similar inter-character dynamics as the protagonist of each story attempts to share his perspective with sympathetic but unconvinced "friends". 

There are, of course, many differences between these works as well, in terms of genre (they are all quite different there), political views, and emphasis. Ultimately, each novel presents an image of an awakened figure attempting to spread that "awakening" to others, as MacMurphy does in Kesey's novel:

After McMurphy leads the revolt over the World Series, for example, Chief notes that "there's no more fog any place..."