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There are four essential components to an atom. The parts are the proton, neutron, electron, and nucleus. The proton has a positive electrical charge. The number of protons determines the element...

An atom is the unit of which chemical elements are composed. All atoms contain a positively charged nucleus, plus a shell of negatively charged electrons, and a lot of empty space. The electron...

A food web is a scientific diagram that demonstrates the different food chains within an ecosystem and how those food chains connect and interact with one another. These diagrams are usually...

A cotyledon is part of the embryonic structure of a plant's seed and is perhaps the first indication that germination has occurred. This seed leaf emerges from its seed to begin nourishing the new...

Artificial intelligence, as defined by IBM, "refers to any human-like intelligence exhibited by a computer, robot, or other machines." This intelligence, though demonstrated by machines, can...

Human brain development, which goes through significant prenatal stages, is strongly shaped by the infant’s experiences after birth. The full range of experiences, both positive and negative,...

CAR 1, having a mass of 1,200 kg and traveling with a velocity of 23 m/s due east, has a completely inelastic collision with CAR 2, having a mass of 1,400 kg and a velocity of 28 m/s due west. In a...

Life exists within Earth's biosphere. That biosphere can be divided into various regions called ecosystems, and ecosystems are geographic regions where living and non-living factors work together...

To tackle these questions concerning chemical reactions, first define what chemical reactions are. Then examine how and why the human body needs chemical reactions to function. First, chemical...

Researching information for a speech can be a daunting task, but it is valuable, because it can help make the informative, persuasive, or demonstrative speech much more robust. A tip for any kind...

An effective introduction to a speech involves three main elements: the introductory statement (or hook); supporting statements; and a thesis statement. All of these are essential parts of an...

Depending on whom you ask, you’re likely to get different tips. My two key tips for informative speaking are as follows. Tip one: care about your topic. It might seem obvious, but there’s little to...

This question is asking for your personal opinion regarding this matter. You may feel free to argue either way. My personal opinion is that it would be good to write a response that discusses both...

In order for anything to be considered alive, it must contain the characteristics of life. Frustratingly, different sources will contain a slightly different number of characteristics of life, or...

As with the consequences of all forms of so-called “weapons of mass destruction” (nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons), the effects on people of an attack involving radiological weapons, also...

First, you should gather some facts and data about obesity, which is becoming a growing health problem in many developed countries. For instance, according to Sky News, “two thirds of adults in the...

To write a balanced chemical equation, we need to know the chemical formula of all the species that are involved in the reaction. In other words, we need to list the reactants and products. When...

An inability to lower heart rate following an increase in pulse would likely be related to injury to the medulla oblongata, which connects the spinal cord to the brain and is responsible for...

Mitosis and meiosis are similar enough that it is common for students to mix up the two processes. It doesn't help that both processes use prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase as phase...

In the second half of the 1700s, a scientist by the name of Joseph Priestley conducted a groundbreaking experiment that nicely demonstrates the tight relationship that exists between cellular...

Theories about the origin of life went through several revisions throughout the twentieth century. Harold Urey and Stanley Miller, in their pioneering research conducted in the 1950s, demonstrated...

Sumer's natural environment is the rich agricultural area between the Tigris and Eurphrates rivers. In this place, water was life, and people depended on nature's recurrent bounty for survival....

This is a fairly straightforward physics problem, but there are a few assumptions that must be made. The vital one is that the boy is being measured directly at the top of the hill, so that gravity...

The solution to this problem lies in the definition of molarity, which is the concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per liter of solution. The “M” in the problem is the symbol...

Both joules and degrees Celsius are units of measurement, however, they measure different quantities. While joule is the unit of measurement of energy, degree Celsius is the unit of measurement of...

The ozone layer protects life on Earth by absorbing the ultraviolet radiations generated by the Sun and thus protects us from cancer, sunburns, and damaged eyesight. Ozone is a molecule comprised...

Replacement, aka displacement, reactions are those that involve two atoms or polyatomic ions "swapping places" in a molecule. For single replacement, the model is: A + BC `->` AC + B and for...

A Colony Forming Unit (also known as CFU or cfu) is a measure commonly used in microbiology to determine the number of bacteria (or fungi) present in a sample that have the ability to multiply...

When the rainfall takes place, the resulting water will either infiltrate into the soil or it will flow over the land surface and constitute rainfall runoff. The amount of water that can infiltrate...

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are both stress hormones that are produced in the adrenal medulla. When epinephrine and norepinephrine act together, they cause a constriction of the blood vessels...

The Sun is the medium-sized star located at the center of our solar system, around which the planets in our solar system, including Earth, revolve. The Sun is comprised of immensely hot gases,...

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can be written as follows: H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH -> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O Using stoichiometry, we can...

The interactive periodic table at the link below reports the first ionization energies of the Group I elements as follows (in kJ/mole): 1312.0 for hydrogen, 520.2 for lithium, 495.8 for sodium,...

The ranking of the given items from largest to smallest is as follows: Organism > Cell > Nucleus > Chromosome > Gene > DNA DNA is a molecule that can be thought of as the blueprint...

The given balanced chemical reaction is: 3 NO2 (g) + H2O (l) -> 2 HNO3 (aq) + NO (g) In this reaction, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) reacts with water (H2O) to form nitric acid (HNO3) and nitric oxide...

An atom that gains electrons will have a negative charge. Atoms are composed of three types of particles of different charges: protons (positive), neutrons (neutral), and electrons (negative). When...

The heart is one organ of the cardiovascular system. It functions as a pump, circulating blood to all parts of your body—including other organs, tissues, and cells—through vasculature consisting of...

A fungicide is a substance used to kill fungus. There are over a hundred thousand different fungi known and surely more to be discovered, so there are various different substances used to kill...

In cell biology, mitosis is the part of the cell growth cycle in which one cell gives rise to two genetically identical daughter cells. Also a function of cell biology, meiosis is the form of cell...

Although it might not seem as obvious as physical changes, a chemical reaction or transformation can also involve a change in appearance. For example, when a blacksmith heats a piece of steel bar...

From your question, I believe that the primary purpose of this lab is to demonstrate and understand Le Chatelier's principle (which is essentially equilibrium) and the concept of complex ion...

A solution is formed when a solute is dissolved into a solvent. An example is the sweet solution that is formed when sugar is mixed with water or the salty solution that is formed when common salt...

There are many ways that exoplanets are discovered. Pulsar timing is a process in which radio waves emitted by pulsars are timed. Shifts in the timing indicate the presence of an exoplanet. A more...

Density is the physical property that allows a cork to float on water. Briefly, cork is less dense than the water. In other words, it is lighter than water and, hence, it floats on the water....

Our body is made up of eleven systems that work together to help our bodies function in harmony. These systems, often called organ systems, are made up of various organs within our bodies. The...

Scientists are the experts on environmental issues. Often times, environmental problems are brought into the political arena from the science community. However, the information provided by the...

I do think life probably exists on another planet. There are hundreds of billions of planets in the universe, and it seems against all the odds of probability that the Earth is the only one of them...

A plastid is not necessarily a specific cell organelle in the way that a mitochondrion is. A plastid is a category of organelle. A chloroplast would be a specific type of plastid, but not all...

Acceleration is defined as a rate of change of the velocity of a moving object: `veca = (Delta vecv)/(Delta t)` Note that acceleration, like velocity, is a vector quantity. When an object moves...

All too often, people assume that bacteria are bad and always bad. It is not well known that only a very small percentage of bacteria are harmful to humans. The rest of bacteria are either...