James II
James II ( 1633 – 1701 )King of England and Scotland ( 1685 – 88 ), the second son of Charles I . As Duke of York he was Lord High Admiral in the second and third Anglo‐Dutch Wars, during which the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam was captured and renamed New York in his honour ( 1664 ). He became a Roman Catholic and married Mary of Modena, also a Roman Catholic, in 1673 , resigning as admiral in that year under the Test Act ; attempts were made to exclude him from the succession during the years 1679 – 81 , but on the death of ...
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