Criticism of the Works of Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Short Story Writers, and Other Creative Writers Who Lived between 1900 and 1999, from the First Published Critical Appraisals to Current Evaluations

Acknowledgments

The editors wish to thank the copyright holders of the criticism included in this volume and the permissions managers of many book and magazine publishing companies for assisting us in securing reproduction rights. We are also grateful to the staffs of the Detroit Public Library, the Library of Congress, the University of Detroit Mercy Library, Wayne State University Purdy/Kresge Library Complex, and the University of Michigan Libraries for making their resources available to us. Following is a list of the copyright holders who have granted us permission to reproduce material in this volume of TCLC. Every effort has been made to trace copyright, but if omissions have been made, please let us know.

COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL IN TCLC, VOLUME 146, WAS REPRODUCED FROM THE FOLLOWING PERIODICALS:

Boundary 2, v. 11, fall-winter, 1982-83. Copyright © 1982 Boundary 2. Reproduced by permission.—British Journal of Aesthetics, v. 9, July, 1969. Reproduced by permission.—College English, v. 56, October, 1994 for “Once Upon a Time: A Reader-Response Approach to Prosody” by Catherine Addison. Copyright © 1994 by the National Council of Teachers of English. Reproduced by permission of the publisher and the author.—Critical Inquiry, v. 4, 1978. Copyright © 1978 by The University of Chicago. Reproduced by permission.—English Language Notes, v. 34, June, 1997. Copyright © 1997 by the Regents of the University of Colorado. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Essays in Literature, v. 20, fall, 1993. Copyright 1993 by Western Illinois University. Reproduced by permission.—Essays in Literature, vol. 11, spring, 1984. Copyright 1984 by Western Illinois University. Reproduced by permission.—Jouvert: A Journal of Postcolonial Studies, v. 5, autumn, 2000 for “The Plague of Normality: Reconfiguring Realism in the Postcolonial Theory” by Laura Moss. Copyright © 2000, by Laura Moss. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the author.—New Literary History, v. 31, winter, 2000. © The Johns Hopkins University Press. Reproduced by permission.—Reader, n. 30, fall, 1993. © by Michigan Technological University. Reproduced by permission of the author.—Research in African Literatures, v. 31, fall, 2000. Copyright © 2000 Indiana University Press. Reproduced by permission.—Salmagundi, v. 27, summer/fall, 1994. Copyright © 1994 by Skidmore College. Reproduced by permission.—The South Carolina Review, v. 25, fall, 1992. Copyright © 1992 by Clemson University. Reproduced by permission.—Southern Literary Journal, v. 24, fall, 1991. Copyright 1991 by the Department of English, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Reproduced by permission.—Style, v. 29, winter, 1995 for “Reader Response Under Review: Art, Game, or Science?” by Terence R. Wright. Copyright © Style, 1995. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the publisher and the author.—Yearbook of English Studies: The Politics of Postcolonial Criticism, v. 27, 1997 for “Postcoloniality of a Special Type: Theory and Its Appropriations in South Africa” by Nicholas Visser. Copyright © 1997 by the Modern Humanities Research Association. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the Literary Estate of Nicholas Visser.

COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL IN TCLC, VOLUME 146, WAS REPRODUCED FROM THE FOLLOWING BOOKS:

Burt, Stephen and Jennifer Lewin. From “Poetry and the New Criticism,” in A Companion to Twentieth-Century Poetry. Edited by Neil Roberts. Blackwell Publishers, 2001. Copyright © 2001 by Blackwell Publishers Ltd. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission of Blackwell Publishers.—DeLombard, Jeannine. From English Postcoloniality: Literatures from Around the World. Edited by Radhika Mohanram and Gita Rajan. Greenwood Press, 1996. Copyright © 1996, by Radhika Mohanram and Gita Rajan. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., Westport, CT.—Donadey, Anne. From Recasting Postcolonialism: Women Writing Between Worlds. Heinemann, 2001. Copyright © 2001, by Anne Doneday. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Fish, Stanley. From Is There A Text in This Class?: The Authority of Interpretive Communities. Harvard University Press, 1980. Copyright © 1980 the President and Fellows of Harvard College. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission Harvard University Press.—Huggan, Graham. From The Postcolonial Exotic: Marketing the Margins. Routledge, 2001. Copyright © 2001, by Graham Huggan. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the publisher and the author.—Juhl, P. D. From Comparative Criticism. Cambridge University Press, 1983. Copyright © 1983 by Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Comparative Criticism.—Lazarus, Neil. From Resistance in Postcolonial African Fiction. Yale University Press, 1990. Copyright © 1990, by Yale University Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Mailloux, Steven. From “The Turns of Reader-Response Criticism,” in Conversations: Contemporary Critical Theory and the Teaching of Literature. Edited by Charles Moran and Elizabeth F. Penfield. National Council of Teachers of English, 1990.

Copyright © 1990 by the National Council of Teachers of English. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the publisher and the author.—Murfin, Ross C. From “Reader-Response Criticism and The Turn of the Screw,” in Turn of the Screw. Edited by Peter G. Beidler. Bedford Books of St. Martin’s Press, 1995. Copyright © 1995, Bedford Books of St. Martin’s Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Perl, Jeffrey M. From “Passing the Time: Modernism versus New Criticism,” in The Future of Modernism. Edited by Hugh Witemeyer. University of Michigan Press, 1997. Copyright © 1997, by the University of Michigan. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Perosa, Sergio. From Cross Cultural Studies: American, Canadian and European Literatures, 1945-1985. © The English Department, Filozofska fakulteta, Edvard Kardelj University of Ljubljana. Reproduced by permission.—Rabinowitz, Peter J. From “Reader Response, Reader Responsibility: Heart of Darkness and the Politics of Displacement,” in Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism: Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness. Edited by Ross C. Murfin. Bedford Books of St. Martin’s Press, 1996. Copyright © 1996, by Bedford Books of St. Martin’s Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Robey, David. From “Anglo-American New Criticism,” in Modern Literary Theory: A Comparative Introduction. Edited by Ann Jefferson and David Robey. Barnes & Noble Books, 1982. Copyright © 1982, by Ann Jefferson and David Robey. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of B.T. Batsford Ltd.—Shurr, William H. From “Leaves of Grass as a Sexual Manifesto: A Reader-Response Approach,” in Approaches to Teaching Whitman’s Leaves of Grass. Edited by Donald D. Kummings. Modern Language Association of America 1990. Copyright © 1990, by the Modern Language Association of America. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the Modern Language Association of America.—Spurlin, William J. From “New Critical and Reader-Oriented Theories of Reading: Shared Views on the Role of the Reader,” in The New Criticism and Contemporary Literary Theory: Connections and Continuities. Edited by William J. Spurlin and Michael Fischer. Garland Publishing Inc., 1995. Copyright © 1995, by William J. Spurlin and Michael Fischer. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Szili, József. From Literature and Its Interpretation. Translated by S. Simon. Mouton Publishers, 1979. Copyright © 1979, by Akadémiai Kiadó-Budapest. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the author.— Weele, Michael Vander. From Contemporary Literary Theory: A Christian Appraisal. William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1991. Copyright © 1991 by Wm. B. Eerdsmans Publishing Co. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.— Willingham, John R. From “The New Criticism: Then and Now,” in Contemporary Literary Theory. Edited by G. Douglas Atkins and Laura Morrow. The University of Massachusetts Press, 1989. Copyright © 1989, by The University of Massachusetts Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission.

PHOTOGRAPHS AND ILLUSTRATIONS APPEARING IN TCLC, VOLUME 146, WERE RECEIVED FROM THE FOLLOWING SOURCES:

Brooks, Cleanth, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—Fish, Stanley Eugene, photograph. Reproduced by permission.—Head, Bessie, photograph. Reproduced by the kind permission of the Estate of Bessie Head.— Tate, Allen, delivering a tribute to poet John Crowe Ransom at Kenyon College, photograph by Truman Moore. Reprinted by permission of Time Life Pictures/Getty Images.—Warren, Robert Penn, at his desk working on the revisions of his book, photograph by Leonard McCombe. Reprinted by permission of Time Life Pictures/Getty Images.

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