Muggeridge, Malcolm | Copyright Page
ISSN 0276-8178
Volume 120
Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism
Criticism of the Works of Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Short Story Writers, and Other Creative Writers Who Lived between 1900 and 1999, from the First Published Critical Appraisals to Current Evaluations
Janet Witalec Project Editor
Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Vol. 120
Project Editor
Janet Witalec
Editorial
Jenny Cromie, Scott Darga, Kathy D. Darrow, Julie Keppen, Ellen McGeagh, Ron Morelli, Linda Pavlovski
©
Gale and Design™ and Thomson Learning™ are trademarks used herein under license.
For more information, contact
The Gale Group, Inc. 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Or you can visit our internet site at http://www.gale.com
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution, or information storage retrieval systems—without the written permission of the publisher.
Research
Nicodemus Ford, Sarah Genik, Tamara C. Nott, Tracie A. Richardson
Permissions
Lori Hines
Imaging and Multimedia
Lezlie Light, Kelly A. Quin, Luke Rademacher
This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair competition, and other applicable laws. The authors and editors of this work have added value to the underlying factual material herein through one or more of the following: unique and original selection, coordination, expression, arrangement, and classification of the information.
For permission to use material from the product, submit your request via the Web at http://www.gale-edit.com/permissions, or you may download our Permissions Request form and submit your request by fax or mail to:
Permisssions Department
The Gale Group, Inc.
27500 Drake Rd.
Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535
Permissions Hotline:
248-699-8006 or 800-877-4253, ext. 8006
Fax 248-699-8074 or 800-762-4058
Product Design
Michael Logusz
Composition and Electronic Capture
Carolyn Roney
Manufacturing
Stacy L. Melson
Since this page cannot legibly accommodate all copyright notices, the acknowledgments constitute an extension of the copyright notice.
While every effort has been made to secure permission to reprint material and to ensure the reliability of the information presented in this publication, the Gale Group neither guarantees the accuracy of the data contained herein nor assumes any responsibility for errors, omissions or discrepancies. Gale accepts no payment for listing; and inclusion in the publication of any organization, agency, institution, publication, service, or individual does not imply endorsement of the editors or publisher. Errors brought to the attention of the publisher and verified to the satisfaction of the publisher will be corrected in future editions.
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 76-46132
ISBN 0-7876-5864-2
ISSN 0276-8178
Printed in the United States of America 10987654321
Acknowledgments
The editors wish to thank the copyright holders of the excerpted criticism included in this volume and the permissions managers of many book and magazine publishing companies for assisting us in securing reproduction rights. We are also grateful to the staffs of the Detroit Public Library, the Library of Congress, the University of Detroit Mercy Library, Wayne State University Purdy/Kresge Library Complex, and the University of Michigan Libraries for making their resources available to us. Following is a list of the copyright holders who have granted us permission to reproduce material in this volume of TCLC. Every effort has been made to trace copyright, but if omissions have been made, please let us know.
COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL IN TCLC, VOLUME 120, WAS REPRODUCED FROM THE FOLLOWING PERIODICALS:
All Hallows, v. 13, 1996. © The Ghost Story Society 1996. Reproduced by permission.—America, v. 133, October 11, 1975. www.americamagazine.org. Reproduced by permission.—The American Enterprise, v. 7, September-October, 1996. Reproduced by permission of The American Enterprise, a magazine of Politics, Business, and Culture. www.TAEmag.com.—American Literature, v. 71, n. 4, December, 1999. Copyright © 1999 by Duke University Press. Reproduced by permission.—The American Poetry Review, v. 26, July-August, 1997. “‘Howl’ Revisited: The Poet as Jew,” by Alicia Ostriker. Copyright © 1997 by World Poetry, Inc. Reproduced by permission of the author.—Belles Lettres, v. 9, Spring, 1994. Reproduced by permission.—The Christian Century, v. 102, October 16, 1985; v. 113, June 5-12, 1996. Copyright © 1985, 1996 by the Christian Century Foundation. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Colby Quarterly, v. 35, June, 1999. Reproduced by permission.—College Literature, v. 27, Winter, 2000. Copyright © 2000 by West Chester University. Reproduced by permission.—Commentary, v. 42, December, 1966 for “Enfant Terrible” by Joseph Epstein; v. 104, August, 1997 for “My War With Allen Ginsberg,” by Norman Podhoretz. Copyright © 1966, 1997 by the American Jewish Committee. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the publisher and the respective authors.—Commonweal, v. LXXXVI, March 24, 1967. Copyright © 1967 Commonweal Publishing Co., Inc. Reproduced by permission.— Concerning Poetry, Spring, 1969. Copyright © 1969, Western Washington University. Reproduced by permission.—The Criterion, v. XIII, October-July, 1933-34. Reproduced by permission.—The Critic, v. 32, March-April, 1974. Reproduced by permission.—Critique, v. 20, 1978; v. 24, Spring, 1983. Copyright © 1978, 1983 Helen Dwight Reid Educational Foundation. Reproduced with permission of the Helen Dwight Reid Educational Foundation, published by Heldref Publications, 1319 18th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036-1802.—Essays in Literature, v. 20, Fall, 1993. Copyright Western Illinois University 1993. Reproduced by permission.—Explicator, v. 47, Summer, 1989. Copyright © 1989 Helen Dwight Reid Educational Foundation. Reproduced with permission of the Helen Dwight Reid Educational Foundation, published by Heldref Publications, 1319 18th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036-1802.—Frontiers, v. V, Fall, 1980. © 1981 Frontiers Editorial Collective. Copyright © The University of Nebraska Press, 1980. Reproduced by permission—The Hollins Critic, v. XI, June, 1974. Copyright 1974 by Hollins College. Reproduced by permission.—International Journal of Women’s Studies, v. 1, March-April, 1978. Reproduced by permission.—Journal of American Culture, v. 16, Fall, 1993. Reproduced by permission.—Journal of Evolutionary Psychology, v. 9, August, 1988. Reproduced by permission.—The Listener, v. 94, September 25, 1975 for “Scrap of Paper” by Don Culpitt. Reproduced by permission of the author.—Maclean’s, v. 109, November 11, 1996. © 1996 by Maclean’s Magazine. Reproduced by permission.—Modern Age, v. 18, Fall, 1974. Reproduced by permission.—National Review, v. 21, December 2, 1969; v. 25, December 21, 1973; v. 29, September 16, 1977;
Valerie Miner. Reproduced by permission of the author.—World Literature Today, v. 59, Autumn, 1985; v. 67, Autumn, 1993. Copyright 1985, 1993 by the University of Oklahoma Press. Reprinted by permission of the publisher.
COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL IN TCLC, VOLUME 120, WAS REPRODUCED FROM THE FOLLOWING BOOKS:
Anderson, Dawn Holt. From “May Sarton’s Women,” in Images of Women in Fiction Feminist Perspectives. Edited by Susan Koppelman Cornillon. Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1972. Copyright © 1972 by the Bowling Green University Popular Press. Reproduced by permission.—Bawer, Bruce. From Prophets & Professors: Essays on the Lives and Works of Modern Poets. Story Line Press, 1995. © 1995 by Bruce Bawer. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Braham, Jeanne. From “A Lens of Empathy,” in Inscribing the Daily: Critical Essays on Women’s Diaries. Edited by Suzanne L. Bunkers and Cynthia A. Huff. University of Massachusetts Press, 1996. Copyright © 1996 by The University of Massachusetts Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Code, Lorraine. From “Persons and Others,” in Power, Gender, Values. Edited by Judith Genova. Academic Printing & Publishing, 1987. © 1987 Academic Printing & Publishing. Reproduced by permission.—Crossman, R. H. S. From The Charm of Politics, and Other Essays in Political Criticism. Hamish Hamilton, 1958. © 1958 by R. H. S. Crossman. Reproduced by permission of New Statesman & Society.—DeShazer, Mary K. From Inspiring Women: Reimagining the Muse. Pergamon Press, 1987. © 1987 by Pergamon Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Evans, Elizabeth. From May Sarton, Revisited. Twayne Publishers, 1989. Copyright 1989 by G. K. Hall & Co. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Heilbrun, Carolyn G. From Hamlet’s Mother and Other Women. Columbia University Press, 1990. Copyright © 1990 Columbia University Press, New York. All rights reserved. Republished with permission of the Columbia University Press, 562 W. 113th St., New York, NY 10025.—Honan, Park. From The Beats: An Anthology of ‘Beat’ Writing. Edited by Park Honan. J. M. Dent & Sons, 1987. Reproduced by permission.—Indick, Ben P. From “H. Russell Wakefield: The Man Who Believed in Ghosts,” in Discovering Classic Horror Fiction 1. Edited by Darrell Schweitzer. The Borgo Press, 1992. Chapter © 1992 by Ben P. Indick. Collection © 1992 by Darrell Schweitzer. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the author.—Ingrams, Richard. From an introduction to Picture Palace, by Malcolm Muggeridge. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1987. Copyright © 1987 by Richard Ingrams. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Ingrams, Richard. From “Epilogue,” in Muggeridge: The Biography. Harper San Francisco, 1996. Copyright © 1995 by Richard Ingrams. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of HarperCollins Publishers, Inc.—Jamison, Andrew and Ron Eyerman. From Seeds of the Sixties. University of California Press, 1994. Copyright © 1994 by the Regents of the University of California. Reproduced by permission.—Kirk, Russell. From The Politics of Prudence. Intercollegiate Studies Institute, 1993. Copyright © 1993 by the Intercollegiate Studies Institute. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Miner, Valerie. From “Spinning Friends: May Sarton’s Literary Spinsters,” in Old Maids to Radical Spinsters: Unmarried Women in the Twentieth-Century Novel. Edited by Laura L. Doan. University of Illinois Press, 1991. © 1991 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois. Reproduced by permission.—Orwell, George. From The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell, Vol.
I: An Age Like This, 1920-1940. Edited by Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus. Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc., 1968. Copyright © 1968 by Sonia Brownell Orwell and renewed 1996 by Mark Hamilton. Reproduced by permission of Harcourt, Inc., and the author.—Peters, Robert. From Where the Bee Sucks: Workers, Drones and Queens of Contemporary American Poetry. Asylum Arts, 1994. Copyright © 1994 by Robert Peters. Reproduced by permission.—Portuges, Paul. From “Allen Ginsberg’s Visions and the Growth of His Poetics of Prophecy,” in Poetic Prophecy in Western Literature. Edited by Jan Wojcik and Raymond-Jean Frontain. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1984. © 1984 by Associated University Presses, Inc. Reproduced by permission.—Powell, Anthony. From To Keep the Ball Rolling: The Memoirs of Anthony Powell, Vol.
IV. Heinemann, 1982. © Anthony Powell 1982. Reproduced by permission of The Random House Group Ltd., and the author.—Roden, Barbara. From an introduction to The Clock Strikes Twelve and Other Stories. Ash-Tree Press, 1998. © 1998 Ash-Tree Press. Introduction © 1998 Barbara Roden 1998. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.— Shechner, Mark. From After the Revolution: Studies in the Contemporary Jewish American Imagination. Indiana University Press, 1987. © 1987 by Mark Shechner. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Sibley, Agnes. From May Sarton. Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1972. Copyright © 1972 by Twayne Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Spiegelman, Willard. From The Didactic Muse: Scenes of Instruction in Contemporary American Poetry. Princeton University Press, 1989. Copyright © 1989 by Princeton University Press. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of Princeton University Press.—Sullivan, Jack. From Elegant Nightmares: The English Ghost Story From Le Fanu to Blackwood. Ohio University Press, 1978. Copyright © 1978 by Jack Sullivan. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Todd, Janet. From Women Writers Talking. Edited by Janet Todd. Holmes & Meier, Publishers, 1983. Copyright © 1983 by Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the publisher.— Vendler, Helen. From Soul Says: On Recent Poetry. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1995. Copyright © 1995 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Wakefield, H. R. From an introduction to The Clock Strikes Twelve. Arkham House, 1946. Reproduced by permission.—White, Leah E.
From “Silenced Stories: May Sarton’s Journals as a Form of Discursive Resistance,” in Women’s Life-Writing: Finding Voice/Building Community. Edited by Linda S. Coleman. Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1997. Copyright © 1997 Bowling Green State University Popular Press. Reproduced by permission.—Wolfe, Gregory. From Malcolm Muggeridge: A Biography. Hodder & Stoughton, 1995. © 1995 Gregory Wolfe. Reproduced by permission of Hodder and Stoughton Limited and the author.—Woods, Gregory. From Articulate Flesh: Male Homo-Eroticism and Modern Poetry. Yale University Press, 1987. Copyright © 1987 by Gregory Woods. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.— Woodward, Kathleen. From “May Sarton and Fictions of Old Age,” in Gender and Literary Voice. Edited by Janet Todd. Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc., 1980. Copyright © 1980 by Holmes & Meier Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission of the publisher.—Wyatt-Brown, Anne M. From Aging and Gender in Literature: Studies in Creativity. Edited by Anne M. Wyatt-Brown and Janice Rossen. University Press of Virginia, 1993. Copyright © 1993 by the Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia. Reprinted with permission of the University Press of Virginia.
PHOTOGRAPHS AND ILLUSTRATIONS APPEARING IN TCLC, VOLUME 120, WERE RECEIVED FROM THE FOLLOWING SOURCES:
Ginsberg, Allen, photograph. Archive Photo/Saga/Capri. Reproduced by permission.—Muggeridge, Malcolm, 1953, photograph. AP/Wide World Photos. Reproduced by permission.—Sarton, May, photograph © Nancy Crampton. Reproduced by permission.
Literary Criticism Series Advisory Board
The members of the Gale Group Literary Criticism Series Advisory Board—reference librarians and subject specialists from public, academic, and school library systems—represent a cross-section of our customer base and offer a variety of informed perspectives on both the presentation and content of our literature criticism products. Advisory board members assess and define such quality issues as the relevance, currency, and usefulness of the author coverage, critical content, and literary topics included in our series; evaluate the layout, presentation, and general quality of our printed volumes; provide feedback on the criteria used for selecting authors and topics covered in our series; provide suggestions for potential enhancements to our series; identify any gaps in our coverage of authors or literary topics, recommending authors or topics for inclusion; analyze the appropriateness of our content and presentation for various user audiences, such as high school students, undergraduates, graduate students, librarians, and educators; and offer feedback on any proposed changes/ enhancements to our series. We wish to thank the following advisors for their advice throughout the year.
Dr. Toby Burrows Mary Jane Marden
Principal Librarian Literature and General Reference Librarian The Scholars’ Centre St. Petersburg Jr. College University of Western Australia Library
Mark Schumacher
David M. Durant Jackson Library Reference Librarian, Joyner Library University of North Carolina at Greensboro East Carolina University
Steven R. Harris
English Literature Librarian University of Tennessee
Navigate
