TCLC is designed to serve as an introduction to authors who died between 1900 and 1999 and to the most significant interpretations of these author’s works. Volumes published from 1978 through 1999 included authors who died between 1900 and 1960. The great poets, novelists, short story writers, playwrights, and philosophers of the period are frequently studied in high school and college literature courses. In organizing and reprinting the vast amount of critical material written on these authors, TCLC helps students develop valuable insight into literary history, promotes a better understanding of the texts, and sparks ideas for papers and assignments. Each entry in TCLCpresents a comprehensive survey on an author’s career or an individual work of literature and provides the user with a multiplicity of interpretations and assessments. Such variety allows students to pursue their own interests; furthermore, it fosters an awareness that literature is dynamic and responsive to many different opinions.

Every fourth volume of TCLC is devoted to literary topics. These topics widen the focus of the series from the individual authors to such broader subjects as literary movements, prominent themes in twentieth-century literature, literary reaction to political and historical events, significant eras in literary history, prominent literary anniversaries, and the literatures of cultures that are often overlooked by English-speaking readers.

TCLC is designed as a companion series to Thomson Gale’s Contemporary Literary Criticism, (CLC) which reprints commentary on authors who died after 1999. Because of the different time periods under consideration, there is no duplication of material between CLC and TCLC.

A TCLC entry consists of the following elements:

From Pietro DiDonato, the Master Builder. Associated University Presses, 1995. Copyright © 1995 by Associated University Presses, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Ericson, Jr., Edward E. From The Apocalyptic Vision of Mikhail Bulgakov’s The Master and Margarita. The Edwin Mellen Press, 1991. Copyright © 1991, by Edward E. Ericson, Jr. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Kluback, William. From Benjamin Fondane: A Poet in Exile. Peter Lang, 1996. Copyright © 1996 Peter Lang Publishing, Inc., New York. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.— Lakshin, Vladimir. From “Mikhail Bulgakov’s The Master and Margarita,” in Twentieth-Century Russian Literary Criticism. Edited by Victor Erlich. Yale University Press, 1975. Copyright © 1975, Yale University. All rights reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Mahaffey, Vicki. From “Joyce’s Shorter Works,” in The Cambridge Companion to James Joyce. Edited by Derek Attridge. Cambridge University Press, 1990. Copyright © 1990 by Cambridge University Press. Reproduced with the permission of Cambridge University Press.—Mills, Judith M. From “Of Dreams, Devils, Irrationality, and The Master and Margarita,” in Russian Literature and Psychoanalysis. Edited by Daniel Rancour-Laferriere. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1989. Copyright © 1989 by John Benjamins B.V. Reproduced by kind permission of John Benjamins Publishing Company, Amsterdam/Philadelphia. www.benjamins.com.—Mulas, Franco. From “The Ethnic Language of Pietro Di Donato's Christ in Concrete,” in From the Margin: Writings in Italian Americana. Edited by Anthony Julian Tamburri, Paolo A. Giordano, and and Fred L. Gardaphé. Purdue University Press, 1991. Copyright

© 1991 by Purdue Research Foundation. All right reserved. Reproduced by permission.—Riquelme, John Paul. From “Stephen Hero, Dubliners, and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man: Styles of Realism and Fantasy,” in The Cambridge Companion to James Joyce. Edited by Derek Attridge. Cambridge University Press, 1990. Copyright © 1990 by Cambridge University Press. Reproduced with the permission of Cambridge University Press.—Valente, Jack. From “Thrilled by His Touch: The Aestheticizing of Homosexual Panic in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man,”in Quare Joyce. Edited by Joseph Valente. The University of Michigan Press, 1998. Copyright © 1998 by The University of Michigan. Reproduced by permission.

Thomson Gale Literature Product Advisory Board

The members of the Thomson Gale Literature Product Advisory Board—reference librarians from public and academic library systems—represent a cross-section of our customer base and offer a variety of informed perspectives on both the presentation and content of our literature products. Advisory board members assess and define such quality issues as the relevance, currency, and usefulness of the author coverage, critical content, and literary topics included in our series; evaluate the layout, presentation, and general quality of our printed volumes; provide feedback on the criteria used for selecting authors and topics covered in our series; provide suggestions for potential enhancements to our series; identify any gaps in our coverage of authors or literary topics, recommending authors or topics for inclusion; analyze the appropriateness of our content and presentation for various user audiences, such as high school students, undergraduates, graduate students, librarians, and educators; and offer feedback on any proposed changes/enhancements to our series. We wish to thank the following advisors for their advice throughout the year.