Twelfth Night

Twelfth Night

by William Shakespeare

Scene V

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Scene V

Olivia's garden.

[Enter Sir Toby, Sir Andrew, and Fabian.]

SIR TOBY:
Come thy ways, Signior Fabian.
FABIAN:
Nay, I'll come: if I lose a scruple of this sport, let me be
boiled to death with melancholy.
SIR TOBY:
Wouldst thou not be glad to have the niggardly rascally
sheep-biter come by some notable shame?(5)
FABIAN:
I would exult, man: you know, he brought me out o'
favour with my lady about a bear-baiting here.
SIR TOBY:
To anger him we'll have the bear again; and we will
fool him black and blue: shall we not, Sir Andrew?
SIR ANDREW:
An we do not, it is pity of our lives.(10)
SIR TOBY:
Here comes the little villain.

[Enter Maria.]

How now, my nettle of India?
MARIA:
Get ye all three into the box-tree: Malvolio's coming
down this walk: he has been yonder i' the sun practising
behavior to his own shadow this half hour: observe him,(15)
for the love of mockery; for I know this letter will make
a contemplative idiot of him. Close, in the name of jesting!

[The men hide themselves.]

Lie thou there;

[Throws down a letter.]

for here comes the trout that must be
caught with tickling.(20)

[Exit.]

[Enter Malvolio.]

MALVOLIO:
'Tis but fortune; all is fortune. Maria once told
me she did affect me: and I have heard herself come
thus near, that, should she fancy, it should be one of my
complexion. Besides, she uses me with a more exalted
respect than any one else that follows her. What should(25)
I think on't?
SIR TOBY:
Here's an overweening rogue!
FABIAN:
O, peace! Contemplation makes a rare turkey-cock of
him: how he jets under his advanced plumes!
SIR ANDREW:
'Slight, I could so beat the rogue!(30)
SIR TOBY:
Peace, I say.
MALVOLIO:
To be Count Malvolio!
SIR TOBY:
Ah, rogue!
SIR ANDREW:
Pistol him, pistol him.
SIR TOBY:
Peace, peace!(35)
MALVOLIO:
There is example for't; the lady of the Strachy married
the yeoman of the wardrobe.
SIR ANDREW:
Fie on him, Jezebel!
FABIAN:
O, peace! now he's deeply in: look how imagination
blows him.(40)
MALVOLIO:
Having been three months married to her, sitting in
my state,—
SIR TOBY:
O, for a stone-bow to hit him in the eye!
MALVOLIO:
Calling my officers about me, in my branched
velvet gown; having come from a day-bed, where I have left(45)
Olivia sleeping.
SIR TOBY:
Fire and brimstone!
FABIAN:
O, peace, peace.
MALVOLIO:
And then to have the humour of state; and after
a demure travel of regard, telling them I know my place(50)
as I would they should do theirs, to ask for my kinsman
Toby,—
SIR TOBY:
Bolts and shackles!
FABIAN:
O, peace, peace, peace! now, now.
MALVOLIO:
Seven of my people, with an obedient start, make
out for him: I frown the while; and perchance, wind up my
watch, or play with my—some rich jewel. Toby approaches;
courtesies there to me,—
SIR TOBY:
Shall this fellow live?
FABIAN:
Though our silence be drawn from us with cars, yet(60)
peace.
MALVOLIO:
I extend my hand to him thus, quenching my familiar
smile with an austere regard of control,—
SIR TOBY:
And does not Toby take you a blow o' the lips
then?
MALVOLIO:
Saying ‘Cousin Toby, my fortunes having cast me on
your niece give me this prerogative of speech,’—
SIR TOBY:
What, what?
MALVOLIO:
‘You must amend your drunkenness.’
SIR TOBY:
Out, scab!(70)
FABIAN:
Nay, patience, or we break the sinews of our plot.
MALVOLIO:
‘Besides, you waste the treasure of your time with a
foolish knight,’—
SIR ANDREW:
That's me, I warrant you.
MALVOLIO:
‘One Sir Andrew,’—(75)
SIR ANDREW:
I knew 'twas I; for many do call me fool.
MALVOLIO:
What employment have we here?

[Taking up the letter.]

FABIAN:
Now is the woodcock near the gin.
SIR TOBY:
O, peace! and the spirit of humours intimate reading
aloud to him!(80)
MALVOLIO:
By my life, this is my lady's hand: these be her very
C's, her U's, and her T's; and thus makes she her great P's.
It is, in contempt of question, her hand.
SIR ANDREW:
Her C's, her U's, and her T's: why that?
MALVOLIO:

[Reads]

‘To the unknown beloved, this, and my
good wishes:’—her very phrases! By your leave, wax.
Soft! and the impressure her Lucrece, with which she
uses to seal: 'tis my lady. To whom should this be?
FABIAN:
This wins him, liver and all.
MALVOLIO:
(90)

[Reads]

‘Jove knows I love,
But who?
Lips, do not move,
No man must know.’
‘No man must know.’ What follows? the numbers alter'd!(95)
‘No man must know:’ if this should be thee, Malvolio?
SIR TOBY:
Marry, hang thee, brock!
MALVOLIO:

[Reads]

‘I may command where I adore;
But silence, like a Lucrece knife,
With bloodless stroke my heart doth gore;(100)
M, O, A, I, doth sway my life.’
FABIAN:
A fustian riddle!
SIR TOBY:
Excellent wench, say I.
MALVOLIO:
‘M, O, A, I, doth sway my life.’ Nay, but first, let
me see, let me see, let me see.(105)
FABIAN:
What dish o' poison has she dressed him!
SIR TOBY:
And with what wing the staniel checks at it!
MALVOLIO:
‘I may command where I adore.’ Why, she may
command me: I serve her; she is my lady. Why, this is
evident to any formal capacity; there is no obstruction(110)
in this: and the end,—what should that alphabetical position
portend? If I could make that resemble something in
me,—Softly! M, O, A, I,—
SIR TOBY:
O, ay, make up that: he is now at a cold scent.
FABIAN:
Sowter will cry upon't for all this, though it be as
rank as a fox.(115)
MALVOLIO:
M,—Malvolio; M,—why, that begins my name.
FABIAN:
Did not I say he would work it out? the cur is excellent
at faults.
MALVOLIO:
M,—but then there is no consonancy in the sequel;
that suffers under probation: A should follow, but O does.(120)
FABIAN:
And O shall end, I hope.
SIR TOBY:
Ay, or I'll cudgel him, and make him cry ‘O!’
MALVOLIO:
And then I comes behind.
FABIAN:
Ay, an you had any eye behind you, you might see more
detraction at your heels than fortunes before you.(125)
MALVOLIO:
'M, O, A, I; this simulation is not as the former: and
yet, to crush this a little, it would bow to me, for every
one of these letters are in my name. Soft! here follows prose:

[Reads]

'If this fall into thy hand, revolve. In my stars I am above
thee; but be not afraid of greatness: some are born great, some(130)
achieve greatness, and some have greatness thrust upon 'em.
Thy Fates open their hands; let thy blood and spirit embrace
them; and, to inure thyself to what thou art like to be, cast
thy humble slough and appear fresh. Be opposite with a
kinsman, surly with servants; let thy tongue tang arguments(135)
of state; put thyself into the trick of singularity: she thus
advises thee that sighs for thee. Remember who commended
thy yellow stockings, and wished to see thee ever cross-gartered:
I say, remember. Go to, thou art made, if thou desirest
to be so; if not, let me see thee a steward still, the fellow of(140)
servants, and not worthy to touch Fortune's fingers. Farewell.
She that would alter services with thee,
The Fortunate-Unhappy.'
Daylight and champaign discovers not more: this is open. I
will be proud, I will read politic authors, I will baffle Sir Toby,(145)
I will wash off gross acquaintance, I will be point-devise the
very man. I do not now fool myself to let imagination jade
me; for every reason excites to this, that my lady loves me. She
did commend my yellow stockings of late, she did praise my
leg being cross-gartered; and in this she manifests herself to my(150)
love, and with a kind of injunction drives me to these habits
of her liking. I thank my stars I am happy. I will be strange,
stout, in yellow stockings, and cross-gartered, even with the
swiftness of putting on. Jove and my stars be praised! Here is
yet a postscript:

[Reads]

‘Thou canst not choose but know who I am. If thou(155)
entertainest my love, let it appear in thy smiling; thy smiles
become thee well; therefore, in my presence still smile, dear
my sweet, I prithee.’
Jove, I thank thee. I will smile; I will do everything that
thou wilt have me.(160)

[Exit.]

FABIAN:
I will not give my part of this sport for a pension of
thousands to be paid from the Sophy.
SIR TOBY:
I could marry this wench for this device.
SIR ANDREW:
So could I too.
SIR TOBY:
And ask no other dowry with her but such another(165)
jest.
SIR ANDREW:
Nor I neither.
FABIAN:
Here comes my noble gull-catcher.

[Enter Maria.]

SIR TOBY:
Wilt thou set thy foot o' my neck?
SIR ANDREW:
Or o' mine either?(170)
SIR TOBY:
Shall I play my freedom at traytrip, and become
thy bond-slave?
SIR ANDREW:
I' faith, or I either?
SIR TOBY:
Why, thou hast put him in such a dream, that when
the image of it leaves him he must run mad.(175)
MARIA:
Nay, but say true; does it work upon him?
SIR TOBY:
Like aqua-vitae with a midwife.
MARIA:
If you will then see the fruits of the sport, mark his
first approach before my lady: he will come to her in
yellow stockings, and 'tis a colour she abhors, and crossgartered,(180)
a fashion she detests; and he will smile upon
her, which will now be so unsuitable to her disposition,
being addicted to a melancholy as she is, that it cannot
but turn him into a notable contempt; if you will see it,
follow me.(185)
SIR TOBY:
To the gates of Tartar, thou most excellent devil
of wit!
SIR ANDREW:
I'll make one too.

[Exeunt.]

  • Come along
  • a tiny bit
  • stingy, ungenerous
  • malicious person
  • to gloat; rejoice
  • It was believed that India was rich in gold, so the reference means “my golden one.”
  • ridicule, derision
  • Hide
  • It was believed that one could induce a trance-like state in a trout by tickling its underbelly. Malvolio will be “tickled” through flattery.
  • love
  • come near to saying
  • personality
  • arrogant
  • struts
  • raised
  • Malvolio is likened to a male turkey, a bird which was representative of foolish pride and arrogance.
  • By God's light
  • Here Malvolio reveals his ambition to marry Olivia and rise above his class. This characteristic of Malvolio seems to be the feature which makes him so despised by Sir Toby and the others. In fact, Malvolio's character plays out one of the major themes of the play—the folly of ambition. In Elizabethan times, it was foolish to think that one could rise up out of the social class into which one had been born.
  • Shoot him
  • There is no agreement regarding the identity of “the lady of the Strachy,” nor whether the words even refer to an actual person. In any case, Malvolio refers to this couple to convince himself that one can marry above one's class.
  • servant in charge of a family's clothing and linen
  • In the Old Testament, Jezebel is the evil and scheming wife of Ahab. It seems that Sir Andrew is either using her name as a curse or he is referring to Malvolio's scheming character.
  • inflates him
  • dignity
  • slingshot
  • decorated with twig-like designs
  • the disposition of authority
  • modest
  • round of observations
  • bows
  • This is a reference to a method of torture in which the person to be tortured was tied to two carts. Horses pulled the two carts in opposite directions and the person was essentially pulled apart
  • still we remain quiet
  • stifling, extinguishing
  • strict, severe
  • punch in the mouth
  • a privilege, right
  • to improve; to alter
  • muscles, tendons
  • business
  • bird near the trap
  • merriment
  • suggest
  • Some scholars believe that Shakespeare makes a vulgar pun with these lines, however, it is not certain that this is the case.
  • stamp
  • Malvolio asks the wax for permission before he unseals the letter. Letters were usually sealed with wax, and people had their own personal stamps that they used to make an impression in the wax. Olivia's stamp apparently depicts Lucrece (or Lucretia) a virtuous woman in Roman legend who was raped and then committed suicide
  • badger
  • stab
  • lofty-sounding but ridiculous
  • prepared
  • How quickly the hawk is distracted by it.
  • normal intelligence
  • difficulty
  • to foretell; signify
  • Carefully
  • put that together; solve that riddle
  • a difficult trail to follow
  • Sowter refers to a cobbler or a shoemaker and, in this case, is also the name of the dog to which Malvolio is being compared. The line can be translated to the following: “The dog will follow the scent, even though the smell of deception should be as obvious as the scent of a fox.”
  • In hunting, faults are areas where the scent has been lost. Faults are also defects or imperfections, of which Malvolio is believed to have many.
  • agreement
  • it gets weaker under examination
  • beat with a club
  • defamation, humiliation
  • puzzle
  • to force it a little, the letters would refer to me
  • consider
  • accustom yourself to what you will likely become
  • skin
  • argumentative
  • surly – rude, gruff
  • echo with
  • political theories
  • eccentricity
  • During Elizabethan times, men wore garters to hold up their stockings. To cross-garter was to unconventionally cross the garters both above and below the knee. Since Olivia hates the style of cross-gartering, Malvolio will look like a fool to her.
  • exchange positions
  • open country
  • punish, humiliate
  • exactly, perfectly
  • to make ridiculous
  • to praise; compliment
  • reveals; makes known
  • a command or order
  • aloof, distant
  • brave
  • an income, allowance
  • the king of Persia
  • scheme, plot
  • a gift of money or property from a bride's family to the husband
  • fool-catcher, trickster
  • Sir Toby is telling Maria that she has conquered him with her impressive wit. The imagery is of a conqueror standing over a victim with a foot on the victim's neck.
  • gamble my freedom at a game of dice
  • “Like strong alcohol with a midwife.” While a midwife refers to a woman who helps other women during childbirth, in Shakespeare's time, the term midwife was also used as a derogatory term for an old woman. Sir Toby apparently means that the deception works upon Malvolio in the same way that whiskey works on an old woman.
  • hates
  • hates
  • temperament, nature
  • state of being hated and scorned
  • Tartar is another word for hell. Sir Toby means “the gates of hell.”
  • I'll go too

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