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Sonnet XXIX | Introduction

Many poems have been written about love: its nature, its causes, its effects, its beginnings, its endings— but Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese is unique in the history of English literature for the means by which the sonnets were eventually published for all the world to read. According to Margaret Foster’s biography Elizabeth Barrett Browning, three years after her 1846 marriage to fellow poet Robert Browning, Barrett Browning was listening to her husband rail against “personal” poetry which, presumably, could not handle the greater and more complex themes that he felt poetry should. She then surprised her husband with the question, “Do you know I once wrote some sonnets about you?” and then showed him the forty-four sonnets she had composed during their courtship. Astounded by their beauty and power, Browning insisted that they be published, and in 1850, Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese was read by countless more people than the sonnets’ originally intended audience of one.

While the most famous line of all Barrett Browning’s poetry is found in “Sonnet XLIII” (“How do I love thee? Let me count the ways”), all of the poems in Sonnets from the Portuguese reveal her agile mind that explores the nature of love and its effects on her. “Sonnet XXIX,” like several of its companions, offers Browning a glimpse of his beloved when she is not in his presence: beginning with the statement “I think of thee,” the poem depicts the workings of Barret Browning’s mind as she anticipates her husband’s arrival. Although modern readers were not, of course, considered by Barrett Browning as she wrote her poems to Browning, they can still appreciate the skill and force of her verse over 150 years later.

Sonnet XXIX Summary

Lines 1–4
Barrett Browning’s first statement (“I think of thee!”) is, in part, the subject of the poem, for the entire sonnet attempts to imitate, through its imagery and sound, the dynamics of her mind dwelling on Browning, her fond yet absent lover. (Though readers customarily use the term “speaker” to note the difference between a poet and the voice behind his or her work, in the case of “Sonnet XXIX” one can speak of Barrett Browning as the speaker, since the poems are deliberate and undisguised addresses to her husband.) Barrett Browning compares her thoughts of Browning to “wild vines” that “twine and bud” about a tree— here, the “tree” is Browning. Like vines, Barrett Browning’s thoughts of Browning grow more profuse with the passing of time; eventually, they grow to such length and density (as they “Put out broad leaves”) that they cover the tree that gives them a place to flourish. “Soon there’s naught to see,” she explains, except for the “straggling green” of the vines; in a metaphorical sense, Barrett Browning is suggesting that her thoughts eventually seem to overpower in intensity the thing that allows... » Complete Sonnet XXIX Summary