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Lichens can survive harsh environments

The symbiotic relationship between the fungus and the algal cells of the lichen depends on the structure and functioning of each. The fungus is capable of securing itself to inhospitable surfaces, such as bare rock or even plastic. Often, however, a fungus would not find sufficient nutrients in such a habitat. The algal cells, on the other hand, can produce food by photosynthesis, but they could not survive on their own on a bare rock. The two form a symbiotic union. The fungus provides the algae with protection from the harsh environment, while the algae provide the fungus with food.

Cyanobacteria are among the most ancient organisms on Earth. They are usually found in water, sometimes joining together in colonies. Cyanobacteria contain chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis, and thus they sometimes are found in lichens in place of algae.

Lichen growth patterns...

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1. Introduction
2. How does a tree grow?
3. Lichens: another kind of annual growth
4. Lichens can survive harsh environments
5. Experiment 1 - Tree Growth: What can be learned from the growth patterns of trees?
6. Experiment 2 - Lichen Growth: What can be learned from the environment by observing lichens?
7. Design Your Own Experiment