Miguelite Wars

Article abstract: At issue: The formation of a representative national assembly (Cortes) in Portugal. Result: Formation of the Quadruple Alliance (Britain, France, Spain, and Portugal) to combat absolutism in Europe; exile of Dom Miguel to Germany and establishment of Maria II as queen of Portugal.

Background

After Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Portugal in 1807, the Portuguese royal family fled to its American colony of Brazil. A liberal revolution in Oporto, Portugal, in 1820, led to the return of John VI from Brazil as a constitutional monarch, leaving...

[The entire page is 717 words long]

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