Economic Warfare

Economic warfare, also known as “white war,” refers to the strategies and tactics nations employ to weaken the economic base of an adversary’s power to coerce change in national policy. The purpose of economic warfare is to eliminate or reduce the enemy’s war-making ability by blocking or even just threatening to block access to allies, arms, financial assets, food, markets, and raw materials.

The weapons of such warfare include blacklisting, blockades, boycotts, embargoes, quotas, sanctions, and sieges. The term “boycott” was coined in 1880 in connection with Captain...

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