Cupeño

At a glance:

The Cupeño were patrilocal and married outside their kin groups. With no direct access to the ocean, the Cupeño relied on acorns, seeds, berries, deer, quail, and small animals. They occupied two politically autonomous villages, united by trade, marriage, rituals, and language. Clans were headed by men through inheritance; they maintained the clan's ceremonial dance house and paraphernalia. Ceremonies were concerned with mortuary rituals, world-renewal rites, and an eagle-killing ritual.

The Cupeño were first contacted by the Spanish in 1795, but no sustained contact was...

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