Civil War

Armed conflict between different political, religious, or regional factions within the same nation. Best known among the vast annals of civil war are Julius Caesar’s successful struggle against Pompeii and his supporters for control of Rome (49-45 b.c.e.); the English Civil War (1642-1651), a conflict between supporters of Parliament and the monarchy, which culminated in the beheading of King Charles I in 1649; the American Civil War (1861-1865), in which the Northern and Southern United States came to blows after many decades of sectional tension; the Russian Civil War (1918-1921), a...

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