Battle of Çaldiran

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Article abstract: Type of action: Ground battle in the Turko-Persian Wars. Result: Destruction of the Persian forces under Ismāʿīl I.

Persia’s power in the sixteenth century was virtually destroyed by the Ottoman armies of Selim I, whose military achievements would largely create the Ottoman Empire.

In the summer of 1514, Selim I headed east, with 60,000 men, to face the Persians under Ismāʿīl I who had supported Selim’s brother, Ahmed, during the succession struggle. Selim’s troops included large numbers of Janissaries (some of the best...

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