American Indian Defense Association

Article abstract: Organized by social reformer and later Bureau of Indian Affairs commissioner John Collier,{$I[p]Collier, John} the American Indian Defense Association (AIDA) was the primary advocate for tribal revitalization.

The American Indian Defense Association (AIDA) was organized in New York City in May, 1923, by white reformers sympathetic to Indian causes. Under the leadership of John Collier, the AIDA's founder and first executive secretary, the organization consisted primarily of wealthy, liberal Californians who joined hands in opposition to a...

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